{"id":1777,"date":"2024-06-10T08:20:23","date_gmt":"2024-06-10T08:20:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/?p=1777"},"modified":"2024-06-10T08:20:23","modified_gmt":"2024-06-10T08:20:23","slug":"%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%b1%d8%a4%d9%88%d8%b3-%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b6%d9%88%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%85%d9%83%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%88%d9%86%d8%ac%d8%b1%d8%b3-lcsh-%d8%a8%d8%af","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/?p=1777","title":{"rendered":"\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0633 (LCSH) \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"

 <\/p>\n

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\u0628\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a (<\/a>1)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 (270000) \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0647\u062c\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a (Subject Cataloging Manual : subject headings)(<\/sup>*<\/a>)<\/sup>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1996 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629(2<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2\u2013 <\/strong>\u00a0\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062a. \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0647\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u063a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627(<\/sup>3<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0644\u062e\u0635\u062a \u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0646 (Chan) \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646 (Hanson) \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0643\u0627 (Miska) \u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0646 (Haykin) \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 (Mann) \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0640\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0640\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0640\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0640\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0640\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0640\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0640\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0634\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 (Preserved Context Indexing System : PRECIS) \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647(1)<\/sup>\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0631\u0633 \u062c\u0647\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062f\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629(<\/a>2)<\/sup>\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a (OPAC)(<\/sup>*<\/a>)<\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 (OCLC) (<\/sup>*<\/a>*)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a (OPAC) \u0643\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646(<\/a>3)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0642\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644 (Angel) \u0645\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0633\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629(4<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u0629<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629(<\/a>1)<\/sup>. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0647\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649(<\/a>2)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

3 <\/strong>\u2013<\/strong> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u062a\u0640\u062f\u0648\u0644 (Studwell)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 (Berman)\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0646\u0646\u062c (Downing)(3)<\/sup>\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0640\u0627\u0646 (Mann)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0631\u0633 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0633 (Bates)(<\/a>4)<\/sup>\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 (LCSH) \u0645\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064f\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u060c \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1- \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0640\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0640\u0646 “\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0631\u0633 : \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629:\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645”. \u0641\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062c 18\u060c \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u06391\u060c 1997.<\/p>\n

2- \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0640\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0640\u062f “\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0640\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644”. \u0641\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062c 23\u060c \u06392\u060c 2002.<\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0648\u060c \u0631\u0641\u0644 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631. \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0640\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0640\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0640\u0629 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 : \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 .- \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0.- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 : \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u060c 2006. \u063578.<\/p>\n

4- \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0640\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0640\u0632 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a.- \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c 1993 .210 \u0635.<\/p>\n

5- \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0640\u0648\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0640\u0644. \u0643\u0641\u0640\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0640\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0640\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629: \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0623\u064f\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647.- \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c 1995. 191 \u0635.<\/p>\n

6- \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 “\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0631\u0633 : \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629”. \u0641\u064a : \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628\u060c \u0645\u062c 11\u060c \u0639 1\u060c 1990.<\/p>\n

7- \u0641\u0648\u0633\u0643\u062a\u060c \u0623 . \u0633. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0640\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\/ \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631.- \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636: \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628\u060c2002 .702 \u0635.<\/p>\n

8- \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0637\u0627\u0634\u0643\u0646\u062f\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 .- \u062c\u062f\u0629 : \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c 1979. \u063557- 58.<\/p>\n

1- Bates, M “Rethin king subject cataloging in the on line environment”.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0in : Library Resources & Technical Services, 33 (4), 1989.- WWW. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0wilson text. hwwilson. com.2003. [Internet].<\/p>\n

2- Cataloging distribution service: Tools of authority control subject \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0heading.- WWW.loc.gov\/cds\/lcsh.html.tocsubj.2004<\/a> [Internet].<\/p>\n

3- Chan, Lois Mai. Library of Congress Subject Headings: Principles &\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0application.-Littleton, Colo: Libraries Unlimited, 1978.<\/p>\n

4-Library of Congress Subject Headings. \u2013 10 th. ed., 1980.<\/p>\n

5- Library of Congress Subject Headings, 18th. Ed, 1995.- WWW. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Cybrarians. info \/ dir \/ index. html.2003. [Internet].<\/p>\n

6- Library of Congress Subject Headings, 20th. Ed. Vol.1, 1997.<\/p>\n

7- Library of Congress Subject Headings: Weekly list 41 (octobeer, 13, \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02004). \u2013 WWW. loc. gov \/\u00a0 help \/ contact \u2013 libarch. report. html. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0[Internet].<\/p>\n

8- Mann, Thomas. Why(LCSH)are more, Important than ever.\u2013 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0American Libraries, 2003.- WWW. wilson text. hwwilson. com\/ pdf. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0htm. [Internet].<\/p>\n

9- Science reference services: Library of Congress Online Catalog.-\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0WWW.catalog<\/a>. loc. gov. 2004. [Internet].<\/p>\n

10- Subject heading changes in fine Arts & Architecture. \u2013 Library of \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Congress, 2001. \u2013WWW. loc. gov \/help \u2013 desk. html.2003. [Internet].<\/p>\n

11- Svenonius, Elaine. Library of Congress Subject Headings: Principles \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0& Application. 3rd.ed, 1997.-WWW.hwwilson.com \/ documentation\/ \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0wilsonweb.2004. [Internet].<\/p>\n

<\/a>\u00a0 ([1]) \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0648\u060c \u0631\u0641\u0644 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631. \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 : \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 .- \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 .- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 : \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u060c 2006. \u063578.<\/p>\n

(<\/a>*) LCSH : Library of Congress Subject Headings \u00a0.<\/p>\n

<\/a>([2]) \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0637\u0627\u0634\u0643\u0646\u062f\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 .- \u062c\u062f\u0629 : \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c 1979. \u063557- 58.<\/p>\n

<\/a>([3]) \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 ” \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629”. \u0641\u064a : \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0645\u062c 18\u060c \u06391\u060c 1997. \u063518.<\/p>\n

<\/a>([4]) \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a.- \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 : \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c 1993. \u063520.<\/p>\n

(<\/a>*) \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 : \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

(2) \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 .\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642. \u0635 21 – 22.<\/p>\n

(<\/a>**) (ALA) : American Lybrary Association<\/p>\n

(***) \u0647\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646 (Hanson) : \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1897 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1910.<\/p>\n

(3) \u0641\u0648\u0633\u0643\u062a\u060c \u0623. \u0633. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\/\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631.- \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636: \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628\u060c<\/p>\n

<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2002 . \u0635 603.<\/p>\n

<\/a>\u00a0(1) Cataloging distribution service: Tools of authority control subject heading.- \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0WWW.loc.gov\/cds\/lcsh.html.tocsubj.2004<\/a>. [Internet].<\/p>\n

(*) \u0647\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a (4) \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2002.<\/p>\n

\u00a0(<\/a>2) Ibid.<\/p>\n

(<\/a>3) \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646. \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642. \u063522.<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>(1) Chan, Lois Mai. Library of Congress Subject Headings: Principles & application.- \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Littleton, Colo: Libraries Unlimited, 1978. p17.<\/p>\n

(2) Science reference services: Library of Congress Online Catalog.-WWW.catalog<\/a>. loc. gov. 2004. [Internet].<\/p>\n

(<\/a>*) (OPAC) : \u00a0.Online Public Access Catalog<\/p>\n

(<\/a>**) (OCLC) : Online Computer Library Center<\/p>\n

<\/a>(3) Mann, Thomas.Op.Cit.<\/p>\n

(<\/a>4) \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646. \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642. \u063523.<\/p>\n

<\/a>(1) Svenonius, Elaine .Op.Cit .<\/p>\n

<\/a>\u00a0(2) Mann, Thomas. Op. Cit.<\/p>\n

(<\/a>*) \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0621\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1997\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0625\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0643\u0631\u0633 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a.<\/p>\n

(<\/a>**) \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1997\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629 :\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0LC web. loc. gov\/ cds \/ csh. html., WWW. loc. gov \/ catdir. cpso. \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 : Iocis. loc. gov : node .<\/p>\n

(<\/a>***) \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 : LC go pher marvel \/ loc. gov.<\/p>\n

(<\/a>3) \u0641\u0648\u0633\u0643\u062a\u060c \u0623 . \u0633. \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642. \u0635 619.<\/p>\n

<\/a>(4) Library of Congress Subject Headings: Weekly list 41 (octobeer, 13, 2004). \u2013 WWW. loc. gov \/\u00a0 help \/ contact \u2013 libarch. report. html. [Internet].<\/p>\n

<\/a>(1) Subject heading changes in fine Arts & Architecture. \u2013 Library of Congress, 2001. \u2013WWW. loc. gov \/ help \u2013 desk. html.2003. [Internet].<\/p>\n

(<\/a>2) \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f “\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644”. \u0641\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062c 23\u060c \u06392\u060c 2002\u060c \u0635 26 \u2013 27.<\/p>\n

(3) \u0641\u0648\u0633\u0643\u062a\u060c \u0623 . \u0633. \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642. \u0635 619.<\/p>\n

<\/a>(4) Bates, M “Rethin king subject cataloging in the on line environment”. in : Library Resources & Technical Services, 33 (4), 1989. p.401.- WWW. wilson text. hwwilson. com.2003. [Internet].<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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