{"id":2271,"date":"2024-09-25T15:16:07","date_gmt":"2024-09-25T15:16:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/?p=2271"},"modified":"2026-10-27T09:36:13","modified_gmt":"2026-10-27T09:36:13","slug":"%d9%85%d9%81%d9%87%d9%88%d9%85-%d9%88%d8%a8%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/?p=2271","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/h2>\n

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<address>\r\n<University>King Abdulaziz University<\/University>\r\n<City>Jeddah<\/City>\r\n<Country>Saudi Arabia<\/Country>\r\n<\/address><\/code><\/pre>\n
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    \n
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    \"\u0631\u0633\u0645<\/figure>\n
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      \n
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    • \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 (RDF Schema)<\/bdi> \u0648\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 (Web Ontology Language)<\/bdi> \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 (OWL)<\/bdi> \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n
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      \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a (RDF)<\/bdi> (\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631) \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u063a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a (XML)<\/bdi> \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 (RDF)<\/bdi> \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0621 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 (URLs)<\/bdi> (\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n
      (URL)<\/bdi> \u060c \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629) \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 (XML)<\/bdi> \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u064a (graph edge)<\/bdi>– (labeled)<\/bdi> \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639(RDF)<\/bdi> (\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631) (URLs)<\/bdi> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645(RDF)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 (Zhai:2009,2-8)<\/bdi>.<\/p>\n
      \u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 (Ontology)<\/bdi> \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u063a\u0629 (RDF)<\/bdi> \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u063a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631. \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629<\/p>\n
      \u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0637\u064f\u0648\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 (OWL)<\/bdi> \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 (W3C)<\/bdi> (\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u063a\u0629 (OWL)<\/bdi> \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 (Bryan:2008)<\/bdi><\/p>\n
      \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 (Bottom-Up)<\/bdi>:<\/strong><\/h3>\n
      \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 (Annotations)<\/bdi> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 (RDF)<\/bdi> \u0623\u0648 (Microformats)<\/bdi> \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631(Tim Burners)<\/bdi> \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n
      \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644(Top-Down)<\/bdi>:<\/strong><\/h3>\n
      \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0648 (Alex Iskold)<\/bdi> \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a. \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 ( \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627:2011)<\/p>\n
      \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0644 \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0647<\/p>\n
      \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n
      \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 3\u060c0 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (Data Models)<\/bdi> \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 (Resource Description Framework)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0636\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0632\u0648\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629) \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 3.0 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 ( Rameshreao:2009,20)<\/bdi>. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 3.0 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u064a\u0628 3.0\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 3.0\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n
      \u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062e\u064a\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 (Knowledge Base)<\/bdi>))\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 (Object-Oriented-Technology)<\/bdi> \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0632 \u0644\u0647\u0627 (Huang:2005)<\/bdi>.<\/p>\n
      \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a (RDF)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 : \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 (Subject)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631(Predicate)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647(Object)<\/bdi> \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 (URL)<\/bdi> ( \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a)\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 (URL)<\/bdi> \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 ” \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629”<\/p>\n
      \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u063a\u0629 (XML)<\/bdi> \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 (HTML)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a (Tags)<\/bdi> (\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0633 <\u0648> \u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 (HTML)<\/bdi> \u062a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 (XML)<\/bdi> \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0623\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0631\u0623\u064a\u062a <\u0641> \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0643\u0633 \u0625\u0645 \u0625\u0644 \u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0627\u062a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 ( W3C:2011)<\/bdi>.<\/p>\n
      \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u063a\u0629 (XML)<\/bdi> \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 ( \u0634\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629- \u0647\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0629) \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631( Miller:2011)<\/bdi>.<\/p>\n
      \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 (RDF)<\/bdi> \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0629 (XML)<\/bdi> \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/p>\n
      \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0643\u0646\u0632 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c (X)<\/bdi> \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c (Y)<\/bdi><\/p>\n
      \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628(OWL)<\/bdi> \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0647\u064a (LITE OWL)<\/bdi>\u060c(DL OWL)<\/bdi> \u060c (OWL FULL)<\/bdi> \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646<\/p>\n
      (DAML)<\/bdi>+ (OIL)<\/bdi> (Huang:2005)<\/bdi>.<\/p>\n
      \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n
      \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a (Swoogle)<\/bdi>:<\/strong><\/h2>\n
      \u0648 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a.<\/p>\n
      \u0648\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 (Swoogle documents with embedded)<\/bdi> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a (RDF)<\/bdi> \\ (documents and XML documents with embedded RDF content)<\/bdi>.<\/p>\n
      \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064d \u0645\u0646:<\/strong><\/p>\n
        \n
      • \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a (SWD)<\/bdi> \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u063a\u0629 (RDF)<\/bdi>,(OWL)<\/bdi><\/li>\n
      • \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a (SWOs)<\/bdi><\/li>\n
      • \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0644\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (Swoogle was developed at and is hosted by the)<\/bdi><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 (Swoogle)<\/bdi> \u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n
          \n
        • \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 (Metadata)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648\u0644\u063a\u0629 (RDF)<\/bdi><\/li>\n
        • \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a (SWOs)<\/bdi><\/li>\n
        • \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n
        • \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631 (MindSwap)<\/bdi> \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a (Swoogle)<\/bdi> \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2004\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a 14500 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 4880 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a (SWTs)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a (SWDs)<\/bdi> \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a (SWTs)<\/bdi> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 \u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 327000 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 11279 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n
          \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2005\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u063a\u0629 (RDF)<\/bdi><\/p>\n
          \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 (,(SWDs SWTs)<\/bdi>) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639<\/p>\n
          \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2007\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 (Rameshreao:2009,24-32)<\/bdi>. \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b (http)<\/bdi>:\/\/(swoogle.umbc.edu)<\/bdi><\/p>\n
          \"\u0631\u0633\u0645<\/figure>\n
          \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d (management)<\/bdi> \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u060c \u0644\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629(RDF)<\/bdi>\\ (XML)<\/bdi> \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 (Metadata)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647:<\/p>\n
          \"\u0631\u0633\u0645<\/figure>\n
          \u0648\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0641 (RDF)<\/bdi> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n
          (http)<\/bdi>:\/\/<\/span>(morpheus.cs.umbc.edu\/aks1\/ontosem.owl)<\/bdi><\/span><\/p>\n
          (http)<\/bdi>:\/\/<\/span>(swoogle.umbc.edu\/index.php)<\/bdi>?(option)<\/bdi>=(com_frontpage)<\/bdi>&(service)<\/bdi>=(search)<\/bdi>&(queryType)<\/bdi>=(search_swt)<\/bdi>&(searchString)<\/bdi>=(management)<\/bdi>&(view)<\/bdi>=(raw)<\/bdi><\/span><\/p>\n
          \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 (RDF)<\/bdi> \u0647\u0648 (XML)<\/bdi>\\(RDF)<\/bdi> \u0648\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0634\u0643\u0644 (RDF)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 (XML)<\/bdi>\\(RDF)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 (XML)<\/bdi>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 (XML)<\/bdi> \u0648 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647<\/p>\n
          \"\u0631\u0633\u0645<\/figure>\n
          \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a (OWL)<\/bdi> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 (Class)<\/bdi>,(Concept)<\/bdi>)) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647<\/p>\n
          \"\u0631\u0633\u0645<\/figure>\n
          \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 (Metadata)<\/bdi>\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u063a\u0629 (RDF)<\/bdi>\\(XML)<\/bdi>\u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n
          (http)<\/bdi>:\/\/<\/span>(swoogle.umbc.edu\/index.php)<\/bdi>?(option)<\/bdi>=(com_frontpage)<\/bdi>&(service)<\/bdi>=(digest)<\/bdi>&(queryType)<\/bdi>=(digest_swd)<\/bdi>&(searchString)<\/bdi>=(http)<\/bdi>%3(A)<\/bdi>%2(F)<\/bdi>%2(Fmorpheus.cs.umbc.edu)<\/bdi>%2(Faks1)<\/bdi>%2(Fontosem.owl)<\/bdi><\/span><\/p>\n
          \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647<\/p>\n
          \"\u0631\u0633\u0645<\/figure>\n
          \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong><\/h2>\n
            \n
          • \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0628 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a.\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 http:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%88%D8%A8_%D8%AF%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 12\/6\/1432\u0647\u0640<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
              \n
            • Berners.T& Miller.E.(2011).” The Semantic Web Lifts Off”. ERCIM NEW, NO. 51.Available At: http:\/\/www.ercim.eu\/publication\/Ercim_News\/enw51\/berners-lee.html. Availability Date ( 12\/ 6\/ 2011)<\/li>\n
            • Bryan.M & Cousins. J. (2008). Applying Semantic Web Technologies to Car Repaire. In the Book Semantic Web for Business: Cases and Applications. Information Science Reference<\/li>\n
            • Huang.Z. & Van Harmelen. F. (2005). “Reasoning With Inconsistent Ontologies: A General Framework”. EU-IST Integrated Project<\/li>\n
            • Moor. M (2011).” The Semantic Web : An Introduction For Information Professionals”. Thomson Reuters (Professional) Australia Limited OLC 25-62, pp1-9<\/li>\n
            • Rameshreao. K.B. (2009). ” Implementation of Sesame Tool for Semantic Web Search Engine Swoolge”. Master of Engineering In Computer Science and Engineering. Thapar University, Patiala. Pp1-69<\/li>\n
            • W3C. Semantic Web. Available At: http:\/\/www.w3.org\/standards\/semanticweb\\ Availability Date ( 13\/ 6\/ 2011)<\/li>\n
            • W3C. XML in 10 points. Available At: http:\/\/www.w3.org\/XML\/1999\/XML-in-10-points.html .Availability Date ( 15\/ 6\/ 2011)<\/li>\n
            • Zhai. J. & Chen. Y. (2009). “Fuzzy Semantic Retrieval FOR Traffic Information Based on Fuzzyontology and RDF on The Semantic Web”. Journal of software, Vol.4, NO.7.pp.1-8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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