{"id":2355,"date":"2024-10-11T06:42:33","date_gmt":"2024-10-11T06:42:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/?p=2355"},"modified":"2024-10-11T10:07:15","modified_gmt":"2024-10-11T10:07:15","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%83%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%b9%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%81%d8%b6%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%ad%d8%ab-%d9%81-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/?p=2355","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 LMD"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a 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efficace qu\u2019\u00e0 la condition que l\u2019\u00e9l\u00e8ve puisse exprimer ses ignorances, ses incomprehentions, ses representations mentales fausses, ses pr\u00e9jug\u00e9s en toute securite.<a href=\"#_edn33\" name=\"_ednref33\">[xxxiii]<\/a>\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong><u>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631: <\/u><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 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\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646<a href=\"#_edn39\" name=\"_ednref39\"><sup>[xxxix]<\/sup><\/a>. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 LMD \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u064a\u0642\u0636\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631&#8221;<a href=\"#_edn40\" name=\"_ednref40\">[xl]<\/a>. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0646\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0647<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[i]<\/a> . \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f ( \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629). \u00a0\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a. [\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637]\n<p>&lt; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.naqaae.org\/main\/pdf\/uni\/manuals\/universities_accreditation_manual.pdf\">http:\/\/www.naqaae.org\/main\/pdf\/uni\/manuals\/universities_accreditation_manual.pdf<\/a>&gt; 02\/05\/2009<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[ii]<\/a> . \u0645\u0639\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629<u>. <em>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633.<\/em> <\/u>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c 1987. \u0635. 329.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[iii]<\/a> . \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0648\u0636\u060c \u062a\u0648\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u063a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a. \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c 2006. \u0635.76<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[iv]<\/a>. \u063a\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0641\u0644\u062c\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c2006. \u0635. 77.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[v]<\/a> . Minist\u00e8re de l\u2019Enseignement Sup\u00e9rieur et de la Recherche Scientifique. Le Syst\u00e8me LMD\u00a0: entre impl\u00e9mentation et projection. Actes du Colloque International, Alger 30 et 31 Mai 2007.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref6\" name=\"_edn6\">[vi]<\/a>. \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629). \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref7\" name=\"_edn7\">[vii]<\/a> . Djekoun, Abdelhamid. Reforme LMD en Aalgerie\u00a0: Etat des lieux et perspectives. Le Syst\u00e8me LMD\u00a0: entre impl\u00e9mentation et projection. Actes du Colloque International, Alger 30 et 31 Mai 2007. p. 32<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref8\" name=\"_edn8\">[viii]<\/a>. \u062f\u064a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a. \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u0623\u0633\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u060c[\u062f.\u0633. ].\u0635. 69.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref9\" name=\"_edn9\"><\/a>. \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0642\u0645 03-279. \u0635.5.[ix]\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref10\" name=\"_edn10\">[x]<\/a>. \u0639\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0629.\u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f: \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c1980.\u0635.45.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref11\" name=\"_edn11\">[xi]<\/a>. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.\u0635.44.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref12\" name=\"_edn12\">[xii]<\/a>. \u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644\u060c 1996. \u0635.15.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref13\" name=\"_edn13\">[xiii]<\/a>. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649. \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c 1980. \u0635.225<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref14\" name=\"_edn14\">[xiv]<\/a>. \u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u0646. \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 <u>. <em>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633.<\/em> <\/u>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c 1987. \u0635.178.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref15\" name=\"_edn15\">[xv]<\/a>. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0646. \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 2003. \u0635.80.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref16\" name=\"_edn16\">[xvi]<\/a>. \u0628\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u060c 2001. \u0635. 25.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref17\" name=\"_edn17\">[xvii]<\/a>. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642. \u0635. 178.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref18\" name=\"_edn18\">[xviii]<\/a>. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642.\u0635.\u0635. 78-79.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref19\" name=\"_edn19\">[xix]<\/a> Dion\u00a0,\u00a0 Henriette , Gaudreau,\u00a0 Louis, Godin, Maud. La ma\u00eetrise de l&#8217;information : un d\u00e9fi \u00e0 partager. Documentation et Bibliotheques, avril-juin 1996, p. 81-85<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref20\" name=\"_edn20\">[xx]<\/a> . Dion\u00a0,\u00a0 Henriette , Gaudreau,\u00a0 Louis, Godin, Maud. Op.cit.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref21\" name=\"_edn21\">[xxi]<\/a> . Devroy, Jean-Pierre, et al . La place de la biblioth\u00e8que dans la formation documentaire. [en-ligne] .&lt;http:\/\/dipot.ulb.ac.be:8080\/dspace\/bitstream\/2013\/16277\/1\/jpd-0122.pdf&gt;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref22\" name=\"_edn22\">[xxii]<\/a> . \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref23\" name=\"_edn23\">[xxiii]<\/a>. Hinchliffe, Lisa Janicke.Nouveaux d\u00e9veloppements en ma\u00eetrise de l\u2019information.BBF. 2005, t. 50, no 6.p. 56<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref24\" name=\"_edn24\">[xxiv]<\/a> . Ibid.p.57<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref25\" name=\"_edn25\">[xxv]<\/a> . ENSSIB. Pr\u00e9sentation du service\u00a0 FORMIST. [en- ligne]\u00a0 http:\/\/www.enssib.fr\/formist\/presentation<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref26\" name=\"_edn26\">[xxvi]<\/a> . \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633,\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 . \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0628\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c 1994 .\u0635.65.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref27\" name=\"_edn27\">[xxvii]<\/a> Pochet, Bernard, Thirion, Paul . Formation documentaire et projets\u00a0 p\u00e9dagogiques .\u00a0 <strong><em><u>BBF<\/u><\/em><\/strong>. T. 44 n\u00b0 1.1999.p.p. 16-17.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref28\" name=\"_edn28\">[xxviii]<\/a> . International Standard Serial Number. International Center. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.issn.org\/files\/issn\/statistiques\/total_numberofrecords.pdf\">TOTAL NUMBER OF RECORDS IN THE ISSN REGISTER<\/a>. [en- ligne] &lt;http:\/\/www.issn.org\/files\/issn\/statistiques\/total_numberofrecords.pdf&gt;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref29\" name=\"_edn29\">[xxix]<\/a> . \u0628\u0648\u0639\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a: \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644\u060c2000. \u0635. 123.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref30\" name=\"_edn30\">[xxx]<\/a> .Bernard, Pochet. Former a l\u2019information..Et ailleurs\u00a0?.Actes du s\u00e9minaire national\u00a0:De l\u2019information \u00e0 la connaissance. Poitiers\u00a0: Publications de la Dgesco,71-76. www.edudoc.be\/Pochet2007.pdf<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref31\" name=\"_edn31\">[xxxi]<\/a> . Boukhelif, Aoued, Tifour, Djamila. Problem-Base Learning (approche \u00a0par\u00a0 probl\u00e8mes (APP): de l\u2019accumulation des connaissances vers\u00a0 leur int\u00e9gration et transfert par r\u00e9solution de probl\u00e8mes. [en- ligne] \u00a0\u00a0&lt;isdm.univ-tln.fr\/PDF\/isdm25\/BoukelifTifour_TICE2006.pdf&gt; 12\/10\/2009<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref32\" name=\"_edn32\"><\/a>. \u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a: \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c 2001. \u0635. 47.[xxxii]\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref33\" name=\"_edn33\">[xxxiii]<\/a> . Stordeur, Joseph. Enseigner et\/ou apprendre. Bruxelles\u00a0: Ed. De Boecker,2006. P. 21.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref34\" name=\"_edn34\"><sup>[xxxiv]<\/sup><\/a> . Pochet, Bernard. Former a l\u2019information..Et ailleurs\u00a0?.Actes du s\u00e9minaire national\u00a0:De l\u2019information \u00e0 la connaissance. Poitiers\u00a0: Publications de la Dgesco,71-76. [en- ligne] \u00a0&lt;www.edudoc.be\/Pochet2007.pdf&gt;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref35\" name=\"_edn35\">[xxxv]<\/a>. Concept to class room\u00a0: a series of workshops. [en- ligne] &lt;http:\/\/www.thirteen.org\/edonline\/concept2class\/coopcollab\/index.html&gt;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref36\" name=\"_edn36\">[xxxvi]<\/a> . Dubois, Anne-C\u00e9line. LMD et formation a la recherche documentaire en biblioth\u00e8ques universitaire\u00a0: ruptures ou continuit\u00e9. M\u00e9moire d\u2019\u00e9tude. Dipl\u00f4me de conservateur de biblioth\u00e8que. Paris, ENSSIB.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref37\" name=\"_edn37\">[xxxvii]<\/a> .\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f. \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629. [\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637]\n<p>&lt; http:\/\/informatics.gov.sa\/details.php?id=36 &gt; 15\/07\/2009<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref38\" name=\"_edn38\">[xxxviii]<\/a> . Dupuis, Richard. Les Biblioth\u00e8ques Universitaires, partenaires de la r\u00e9ussite \u00e9tudiante : le point de vue d\u2019un enseignant] en ligne[ \u00a0&lt;http:\/\/www.abf.asso.fr\/IMG\/pdf\/dupuis.pdf&gt;\u00a0 15\/07\/2009.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref39\" name=\"_edn39\">[xxxix]<\/a>\u00a0 .Ministere de l\u2019Enseignement Superieur et de la Recherche Scientifique. Op.Cit.p.13.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref40\" name=\"_edn40\">[xl]<\/a> . Dupuis, Richard.Op.Cit<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; \u064a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647. \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629. \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2356,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[371],"tags":[46,422],"class_list":["post-2355","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-371","tag-46","tag-422"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2355","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2355"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2355\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2376,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2355\/revisions\/2376"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2356"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2355"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2355"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2355"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}