{"id":2365,"date":"2024-10-11T07:10:23","date_gmt":"2024-10-11T07:10:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/?p=2365"},"modified":"2024-10-11T07:10:23","modified_gmt":"2024-10-11T07:10:23","slug":"%d8%a3%d8%b3%d8%b3-%d8%aa%d8%b5%d9%85%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%ac%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/?p=2365","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<h5>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0629 :<\/h5>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0641\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0643\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0642\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u0649 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 . 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Clarity\u060c\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062fEmphasis<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0646 <strong>Balance<\/strong> :<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 , \u0648 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 .<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627 :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a :<\/strong> \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0628\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 , \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a:<\/strong> \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u061b \u0641\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a :<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646) \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0646 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631) <\/strong><strong>Boyle,1997:125).<\/strong><strong> )<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a <strong>Consistency <\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Unity and<\/strong> <strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 wholeness \u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064alayout\u00a0 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (214 (Hix &amp; Hartson, 1993\u060c((Schwier&amp; Misanchuk, 1993 \u00a0(Bearman, Centre of Medical Informatics,1997) \u060c(Skaalid,1999b) \u00a0.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 Proximity \u061b \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u064a\u0628\u0630\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u061b \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0635\u064a\u063a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 (\u0628\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c1990: 168) (\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631\u060c 1994 : 234)\u060c (\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u060c1996: 142),(\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u064a ,2001 :122) .<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 Repetition &#8211; \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 -\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 Similarity \u2013 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 &#8211; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 &#8211; \u062a\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0643\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u061b \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062e\u0637 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627\u00a0 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0637 \u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u061b \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 , \u0648\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 (\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631\u060c1982 : 225)\u060c ( \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u060c 1996: 142)\u060c (\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u064a ,2001 :123)\u060c ( \u0623\u0646\u0633\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 , 2003 :116).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0649 (<\/strong>(Hix &amp; Hartson, 1993\u060c\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Skaalid,1999b)), (\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633, 2003\u0628:190) :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0623\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c .<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645- \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647- \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0645\u062b\u0644 : &#8220;\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643 \u0647\u0646\u0627&#8221; .<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u06292 \u0645\u0646 10.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c .<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629\u061b \u0645\u062b\u0644: \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 .<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 .<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u061b(\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a ) .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 <\/strong><strong>Simplicity<\/strong><strong> :<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0647\u0649: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645, \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 (\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633 , 2000 :394) \u0641\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c2000:\u00a0 49) .<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0647\u0648: \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u061b \u0641\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0628\u0630\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 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\u0641\u0642\u0637 \u061b \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647 (\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633 , 2003 \u0628 :33)\u060c (\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u060c2004: 139- 140) .<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u061b \u0641\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 , \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 : (Hix &amp; Hartson, 1993), (Bearman, Centre of Medical Informatics,1997)\u060c (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0645 \u060c2000:\u00a0 49)\u060c (\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633 , 2003 \u0628 :33) .<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 .<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 .<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 .<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 .<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 .<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0645\u0646\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634 .<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629\u061b\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c ,\u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0631 .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f <strong>Emphasis<\/strong><strong>: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u064f\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636, \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0631 , \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 (Rieber, 2000:149) \u00a0.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 Law of Propotency \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u00a0\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629\u061b \u0623\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u064a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 , \u0648\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0643\u0647 (\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u060c1996: 107), (\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u064a,2001 :103) .<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647 \u060c\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 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(\u0628\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c1990: 177)<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 Contrast\u00a0 \u0643\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 &#8211; \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0624\u0631\u064a\u0629- \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0636\u064a\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0638\u0644\u0645\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0646\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0624\u0631\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0( phillips &amp; Digiorgio ,1997: 79:80)\u060c ( Skaalid,1999b).<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 , \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645) \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631 ,\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635( Phillips &amp; Digiorgio ,1997: 81 )<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 (\u0628\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641) <\/strong><strong>( Phillips &amp; Digiorgio ,1997: 81 )<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d:<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0644\u062a \u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642. (\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631\u060c 1982 : 224)\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0644\u062a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 (\u0628\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c 1990: 171) .<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631 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\u00a0.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0648\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629)\u061b \u0644\u0643\u0649 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u064e\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647 .<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 .<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635\u0629\u061b\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0627\u060c\u0648\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0649 \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627, \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 Closure \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0644\u062a .<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f.(1996). <strong><em>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645:\u0623\u0633\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647<\/em><\/strong>,\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 : \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645.( 2003). <strong><em>\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/em><\/strong> , \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 .<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0644\u0632 \u0648 \u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627 \u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634\u064a ( 1998). <strong><em>\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 : \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644<\/em><\/strong>\u060c ( \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 ) \u0628\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 : \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0631\u064a .<\/li>\n<li>\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631.(1994). <strong><em>\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a<\/em><\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631.(1998).<strong><em>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 : \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/em><\/strong>\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 : \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0649.(1992).\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 , <strong><em>\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/em><\/strong>\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (101). \u0635 \u0635 241-262.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633 ( 2003) . <strong><em>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/em><\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 : \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 .<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633 ( 2003 \u0628 ) : <strong><em>\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/em><\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u064a.(2001 ). <strong><em>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/em><\/strong> , \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 :\u00a0 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Boyle, T. (1997) . <strong><em>Design for Multimedia Learning<\/em><\/strong>. London &amp; New York: PRENTICE HALL.<\/li>\n<li>Kwon, H.,(1996).The Effects of Unity-Balance Screen Design on the Learning of Mathematics in Computer-Based Instruction. <strong><em>Dissertation Abstracts International<\/em><\/strong>, Vol. 57 No. I July 1996 , PP.179-180.<\/li>\n<li>Phillips,R.&amp; Digiorgio.A.(1997).Design ,In Phillips. R.(Eds),<strong><em>The Developer&#8217;s Hand Book to Interactive Multimedia<\/em><\/strong>, London : Kogan Page Ltd, PP 65-88.<\/li>\n<li>Rieber, A L.( 2000), <strong><em>Computers, Graphics and Learning,<\/em><\/strong>S. ,Dollars.<\/li>\n<li>Schwier, R., &amp; Misanchuk, E.(1993).<strong><em>Interactive Multimedia Instruction<\/em><\/strong><em>, <\/em>Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publications, Inc.<\/li>\n<li>Vaughan, T.(1993).<strong><em>Multimedia :Making It Work<\/em><\/strong>,New Delhi:Osborne \/Mcgraw-Hill,Inc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0629 : \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0641\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0643\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0649 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2356,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[371],"tags":[447,446],"class_list":["post-2365","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-371","tag-447","tag-446"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2365","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2365"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2365\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2366,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2365\/revisions\/2366"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2356"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2365"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2365"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2365"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}