{"id":2814,"date":"2024-10-19T16:34:21","date_gmt":"2024-10-19T16:34:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/?p=2814"},"modified":"2026-10-25T05:33:25","modified_gmt":"2026-10-25T05:33:25","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ad-open-science","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/?p=2814","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d Open Science"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0647\u0627 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Science):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 FOSTER\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0648 \u0647\u0648 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c 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\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0633\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 (Bezjak et al., 2018).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>FOSTER: \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a 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\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0630\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u060c 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\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (Vicente-S\u00e1ez, 2018).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d (Open Science):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a (Enago Academy, 2021). \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b (Banks et al., 2019).<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u064a\u063a \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644: Open Science Framework (OSF)\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b (Banks et al., 2019).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d (Open Science):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064f\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 (Lupia, 2014).<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0635\u062d\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647. \u0641\u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2010 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u0632\u063a\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 (Spellman, 2018).<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0647\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 (Nosek et al., 2015).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0647:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627: \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 (Munaf\u00f2, 2017):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0635\u064a\u063a \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0633\u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u062c \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a (Eveleth, 2014):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d (Open Science Framework):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b. \u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0634\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d (OSF) \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 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\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d.<\/li>\n<li>\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 (Spellman, 2018) \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u064e\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064e\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u062a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064e\u062b \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d (COS) \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d (Foster, 2017)\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647 Brian Nosek \u0648Jeffrey Spies. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 FAIR\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Findable: \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u064f\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>Accessible: \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>Interoperable: \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644.<\/li>\n<li>Reusable: \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 (\u00dcnal, 2019).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628. \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0640 (Spellman, 2018)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u064f\u062e\u0632\u0651\u064e\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u060c \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0644\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u064a (Miller-Urey experiment)\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 1954\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2008 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0631 (Miller) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 20 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u064f\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645. \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a PDF \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a SPSS \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c 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2018).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647. \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a 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\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 IP \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 (Spellman, 2018).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d. \u0641\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u064a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629: \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u00bb (Spellman, 2018).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d (Transparency and Openness Promotion &#8211; TOP)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d. \u0648\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/li>\n<li>\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.<\/li>\n<li>\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0631: \u00ab\u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u00bb\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629: \u00ab\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u00bb. \u0648\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 (Nosek et al., 2015). \u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2017 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 3200 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 65 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d (Transparency and Openness Promotion &#8211; TOP).<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 (QRPs &#8211; Questionable Research Practices)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 (Spellman, 2018).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2021\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 (Spellman, 2018): \u00ab\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u00bb (Scientists should make the descriptions of their methods as complete as possible)\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 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ScienceOpen \u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0632 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 (ScienceOpen, 2021).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u064a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d. \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0634\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u062c\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0637\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a (Flanagin, 2018).<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0635\u0627\u0641\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a Jisc Advice &amp; Guides \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u00ab\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0627\u00bb. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0647\u0645\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Banks, G. C., Field, J. G., Oswald, F. L., O\u2019Boyle, E. H., Landis, R. S., Rupp, D. E., &amp; Rogelberg, S. G. (2019). Answers to 18 questions about open science practices. Journal of Business and Psychology, 34(3), 257-270.<\/p>\n<p>Bezjak, S., Clyburne-Sherin, A., Conzett, P., Fernandes, P. L., G\u00f6r\u00f6gh, E., Helbig, K., &#8230; &amp; Tennant, J. (2018). The open science training handbook (No. BOOK). [sn].<\/p>\n<p>Borda, A., Gray, K., &amp; Fu, Y. (2020). Research data management in health and biomedical citizen science: practices and prospects. JAMIA Open, 3(1), 113-125.<\/p>\n<p>Enago Academy. (2021). How Open Science is Helping Researchers Succeed.<\/p>\n<p>Fecher, B., &amp; Friesike, S. (2014). Open science: one term, five schools of thought. Opening science, 17-47.<\/p>\n<p>Flanagin, A. et al. (2018). Editorial Evaluation, Peer Review, and Publication of Research Reports with and without Supplementary Online Content. JAMA, 319(4), 410.<\/p>\n<p>Foster, E. D., &amp; Deardorff, A. (2017). Open Science Framework (OSF). Journal of the Medical Library Association: JMLA, 105(2), 203-206. DOI: 10.5195\/jmla.2017.88.<\/p>\n<p>Lupia, A. (2014). What is the value of social science? Challenges for researchers and government funders. PS, Political Science &amp; Politics, 47(1), 1.<\/p>\n<p>Nosek, B. A., Alter, G., Banks, G. C., Borsboom, D., Bowman, S. D., Breckler, S. J., &#8230; &amp; Yarkoni, T. S. C. I. E. N. T. I. F. I. C. S. T. A. N. D. A. R. D. S. (2015). Promoting an open research culture. Science, 348(6242), 1422-1425.<\/p>\n<p>ScienceOpen. (2021).<\/p>\n<p>Spellman, B. A., Gilbert, E. A., &amp; Corker, K. S. (2018). Open science. Stevens\u2019 handbook of experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience, 5, 1-47.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dcnal, Y., Chowdhury, G., Kurbano\u011flu, S., Boustany, J., &amp; Walton, G. (2019). Research data management and data sharing behaviour of university researchers\u2019. Information Research: an international electronic journal, 24(1).<\/p>\n<p>Vicente-S\u00e1ez, R., &amp; Mart\u00ednez-Fuentes, C. (2018). Open Science now: A systematic literature review for an integrated definition. Journal of Business Research, 88, 428-436.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629: \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629.\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[381],"tags":[572,573,571],"class_list":["post-2814","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-381","tag-open-science","tag-573","tag-571"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2814","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2814"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2814\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":51778,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2814\/revisions\/51778"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2814"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2814"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2814"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}