{"id":53054,"date":"2014-07-01T12:00:21","date_gmt":"2014-07-01T12:00:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/?p=53054"},"modified":"2026-10-26T18:24:22","modified_gmt":"2026-10-26T18:24:22","slug":"%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d9%87%d8%b1%d8%b3-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%b4%d8%a8%d9%83%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81%d8%a9-%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81-%d9%8a%d8%ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/?p=53054","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 (BIBFRAME) \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\u0643\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b:<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0648\u064f\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0632 \u0623. \u0643\u062a\u0631 (Charles A. Cutter)<\/bdi> \u00ab\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u00bb (Rules for a Dictionary Catalog)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1876. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0643\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u00ab\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0647\u00bb. [1] \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 (\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0643\u062a\u0631). \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0632\u0631\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u062a (Ezra Abbott)<\/bdi> \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641. [2] \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0641 (shelflist)<\/bdi>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0634\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0650\u0651\u062f \u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 (MARC)<\/bdi> \u0647\u0648 \u0633\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0651 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0645 (Henriette Avram)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 (MARC)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 (MARC)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u063a\u0631\u0633 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 (MARC)<\/bdi>. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u064f\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f (AACR2)<\/bdi>. [3]<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0643\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0628\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0643\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0644\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0631\u0651\u0628 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u00ab(Maps)<\/bdi> \u2014 (Arctic regions)<\/bdi>\u00bb \u0623\u0648 \u00ab(Early maps)<\/bdi> \u2014 (Arctic regions)<\/bdi>\u00bb\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0628\u0637\u064b\u0627. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u00bb \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u0647\u0648\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0643\u060c \u00ab(Arctic regions)<\/bdi> \u2014 (Maps)<\/bdi> \u2014 (Works to 1800)<\/bdi>\u00bb. \u0641\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064c \u064a\u062c\u0647\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n

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(BIBFRAME)<\/bdi>:<\/strong><\/h2>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629. \u0648(BIBFRAME)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 (XML)<\/bdi> (\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639\u060c (eXtensible Markup Language)<\/bdi>) \u0648(RDF)<\/bdi> (\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c (Resource Description Framework)<\/bdi>)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0648\u0644\u062a (John Overholt)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u00ab\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u00bb (Five Theses on the Future of Special Collections)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629\u064e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 (Religion in American History)<\/bdi>\u060c \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0644\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0646 (Lincoln Mullen)<\/bdi> \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 (MARC)<\/bdi>. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u00bb \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 (OCLC)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0641\u0631 (Roberta Shaffer)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u063a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 (BIBFRAME)<\/bdi>. \u0641\u0640(BIBFRAME)<\/bdi> \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0646 \u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0641\u062b\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 (BIBFRAME)<\/bdi>. \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 (ListServ)<\/bdi> \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0640(BIBFRAME)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0640(MARC)<\/bdi> \u0625\u0644\u0649 (BIBFRAME)<\/bdi> \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a (OCLC)<\/bdi> \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2013 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 (BIBFRAME)<\/bdi> \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (WorldCat)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

(BIBFRAME)<\/bdi> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628:<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0623\u0646 (BIBFRAME)<\/bdi> \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 (XML)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 (MARC)<\/bdi> \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0634\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0633. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629: \u00ab\u0646\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064b\u0627\u00bb.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0628\u0633\u064a (Lorcan Dempsey)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 (Online Computer Library Center, OCLC)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0628\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u064a\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0633. \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0641\u062a\u064a:<\/strong><\/h2>\n

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