{"id":53175,"date":"2020-07-01T12:00:59","date_gmt":"2020-07-01T12:00:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/?p=53175"},"modified":"2026-10-26T18:13:06","modified_gmt":"2026-10-26T18:13:06","slug":"%d8%ab%d9%82-%d9%88%d9%84%d9%83%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%82%d9%91%d9%82-%d8%aa%d8%af%d9%82%d9%8a%d9%82-%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%a1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/?p=53175","title":{"rendered":"\u062b\u0642 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0651\u0642: \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645"},"content":{"rendered":"<div dir=\"rtl\">\n<p>\u0643\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0644\u064a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(GVSU University Libraries)<\/bdi> \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Grand Valley State University 2017; United States Department of Education 2017)<\/bdi>. \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062e\u0651\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629: \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(link resolvers)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0633 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(OPAC)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638\u060c \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0650\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Information Technology Industry Council)<\/bdi> \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 508 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Section 508)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Rehabilitation Act)<\/bdi> <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Voluntary Product Accessibility Template [updated 2018 April])<\/bdi> . \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0627 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Adams et al 2018)<\/bdi>. \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0637\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u00ab\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629\u00bb <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Adams et al 2018)<\/bdi>. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648\u062b\u0651\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2015 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Laura DeLancy)<\/bdi> \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u0644\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 20% \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(DeLancy 2015)<\/bdi>. \u0648\u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Kumar and Owston 2016)<\/bdi>. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0632 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Michael Fernandez)<\/bdi> \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u00ab\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064b\u0627\u00bb <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Fernandez 2018)<\/bdi>. \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0623\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Tennessee Board of Regents)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018 \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062e\u0651\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Adams et al 2018)<\/bdi>. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0631\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Rysavy and Michalak)<\/bdi> (2020) \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062e\u0651\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a-\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0645 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Goldey-Beacom College Library)<\/bdi>\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u0641\u064a\u0641. \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0630\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Rysavy and Michalak 2020)<\/bdi>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062e\u0651\u0635\u060c \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062e\u0651\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2015\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0641\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(The eBook accessibility audit [2016])<\/bdi>. \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0641\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi>. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Big Ten)<\/bdi> <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Big Ten Alliance)<\/bdi> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Library E-Resource Accessibility \u2013 Testing [n.d])<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062c\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(DeLancey)<\/bdi> (2015) \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0632 (2018) \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0642\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(agile development)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u064a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u061f \u0625\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0635\u062f\u0651\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627. \u0648\u0646\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062e\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0627. \u064a\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Mulliken 2019)<\/bdi>. \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 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\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0626\u0630\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0641\u0635\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Big Ten)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Big Ten Academic Alliance)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2015 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Library E-Resource Accessibility \u2013 Testing [n.d.])<\/bdi>. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 (\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646)<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(alt text)<\/bdi> \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 (\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627)<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c (\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(labels)<\/bdi> \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(fieldsets)<\/bdi> \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(legends)<\/bdi> \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.)<\/li>\n<li>\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0644\u064e\u0651\u063a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2015. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u0623\u064f\u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Accessible Rich Internet Application)<\/bdi> <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(ARIA)<\/bdi>. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(ARIA)<\/bdi> \u062c\u0647\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647. \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(ARIA)<\/bdi> \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(HTML)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(ARIA)<\/bdi> \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626. \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0622\u062b\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Big Ten)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u062e\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u062b\u0645 \u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629. \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0637\u0651\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f. \u0641\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0636\u0637\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a [1]. \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(WCAG 2.0)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>1.3.1 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>1.3.2 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649<\/li>\n<li>2.4.6 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>1.1.1 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a<\/li>\n<li>1.4.5 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 (\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>1.3.1 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>3.2.2 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 (\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629)<\/li>\n<li>3.3.2 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>1.4.1 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 (\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629)<\/li>\n<li>1.4.3 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>2.1.1 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d<\/li>\n<li>2.1.2 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d<\/li>\n<li>2.4.1 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644<\/li>\n<li>2.4.3 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 (\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629)<\/li>\n<li>2.4.7 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 (\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629)<\/li>\n<li>3.2.1 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 (\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u00ab\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627\u00bb <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Partially supports)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u064f \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062c\u0639\u0629. \u0641\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062b\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi>. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u062f\u0651\u0639\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631. \u0641\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u064f \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Fernandez 2018)<\/bdi>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u062b\u0628\u0651\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(WAVE)<\/bdi> \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0636\u0651\u0644\u0647 [2]. \u0648\u0632\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0641\u0636\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637. \u062b\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(WAVE)<\/bdi> \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(WAVE)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Rysavy and Michalak 2020; DeLancey 2015; Kumar and Owston 2016)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(WAVE)<\/bdi> \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647. \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0635 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0632\u062e\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 (\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0635 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644). \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0647. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u0651\u063a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(WAVE)<\/bdi> \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0641\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(WAVE)<\/bdi> \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u062e\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0635 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0623\u064b. \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643 (2020)\u060c \u00ab\u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(WAVE)<\/bdi> \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0646 &quot;\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d&quot; \u0623\u0648 &quot;\u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0642&quot;\u060c \u2026 [\u0644\u0623\u0646] \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0646\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d. \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0646\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 (\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(WAVE)<\/bdi>)\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0646\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u00ab<bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Tab)<\/bdi>\u00bb \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629. \u0641\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Tab)<\/bdi> \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0627 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Shift)<\/bdi> + <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Tab)<\/bdi> \u064a\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u062a\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u0642\u0651\u0637. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Tab)<\/bdi> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u00ab\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0628\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0647. \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Oswal)<\/bdi> (2014)\u060c \u00ab\u0644\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0623\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(WAVE)<\/bdi> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u062e\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0646\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Collection Strategist Librarian)<\/bdi> \u0648\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Acquisitions Librarian)<\/bdi> \u0644\u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 [3]:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><bdi dir=\"ltr\">(EBSCOHost)<\/bdi> [4]<\/li>\n<li><bdi dir=\"ltr\">(ProQuest)<\/bdi> [5]<\/li>\n<li><bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Taylor)<\/bdi> &amp; <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Francis)<\/bdi> [6]<\/li>\n<li><bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Wiley)<\/bdi> [7]<\/li>\n<li><bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Elsevier)<\/bdi> <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(ScienceDirect)<\/bdi> [8]<\/li>\n<li><bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Springer)<\/bdi> [9]<\/li>\n<li><bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Oxford)<\/bdi> [10]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0648\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 90 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi>. \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0651 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621\u064b \u062a\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0643\u062a\u064f\u0634\u0641\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(ProQuest)<\/bdi> \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062f 1.3.5\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647. \u064a\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Springer)<\/bdi> \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u00ab\u2026\u0628\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b\u00bb\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u062f \u0639\u0648\u0644\u062c\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0637\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Oxford)<\/bdi> \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0646 1.1.1 \u06482.1.1 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d. \u0648\u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u00ab\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0645\u0629\u00bb\u060c \u0648\u00ab\u0646\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627\u00bb \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u00ab\u0646\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u00bb \u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629. \u064a\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0651\u062a\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u064a\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 (\u0625\u0630 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d. \u0641\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0638\u064e \u0628\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637\u00bb \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u00bb <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Skip to main content)<\/bdi> \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u0638\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0646 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Oxford)<\/bdi> \u0648\u062b\u0651\u0642\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u064f\u0646\u062c\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2017. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641. \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0639 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Oxford)<\/bdi> \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Wiley)<\/bdi> \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Wiley 2018)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629. (\u0641\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0635 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u00ab<bdi dir=\"ltr\">(image)<\/bdi>\u00bb (\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u063a\u064b\u0627.) \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u064a\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(ProQuest)<\/bdi> \u0648<bdi dir=\"ltr\">(EBSCO)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0644\u063a\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0641\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0651 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 (\u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a 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\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0645\u0639 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Taylor and Francis)<\/bdi>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062d\u0635\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062e\u0651\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0623\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0631\u062c\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u062a\u0646\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0628\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(VPAT)<\/bdi> \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0626\u0630 \u0646\u062d\u0631\u0632 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062e\u0651\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align:right\">\n<li>[1] \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c VPAT (DeLancey 2019)\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0645\u0636\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>[2] \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0642\u0637 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0641\u062d \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647.<\/li>\n<li>[3] \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a SAGE \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064e\u0651 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c VPAT \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>[4] \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c VPAT \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0640 EBSCO \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0629 support@ebsco.com<\/li>\n<li>[5] \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c VPAT \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0640 ProQuest \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 (Accessibility Directory) \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/support.proquest.com\/articledetail?id=kA140000000GuogCAC\">https:\/\/support.proquest.com\/articledetail?id=kA140000000GuogCAC<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>[6] \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c VPAT \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0640 Taylor and Francis \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/help.taylorfrancis.com\/students_researchers\/s\/article\/Voluntary-Product-Accessibility-Template-VPAT\">https:\/\/help.taylorfrancis.com\/students_researchers\/s\/article\/Voluntary-Product-Accessibility-Template-VPAT<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>[7] \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c VPAT \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0640 Wiley \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0643. \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/accessibility\">https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/accessibility<\/a> \u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644.<\/li>\n<li>[8] \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c VPAT \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0640 ScienceDirect \u0645\u0646 Elsevier \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/solutions\/sciencedirect\/support\/web-accessibility\">https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/solutions\/sciencedirect\/support\/web-accessibility<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>[9] \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c VPAT \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0640 Springer \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 GitHub \u0641\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/springernature\/vpat\/blob\/master\/springerlink.md\">https:\/\/github.com\/springernature\/vpat\/blob\/master\/springerlink.md<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>[10] \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c VPAT \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f (Oxford University Press) \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/about_us\/legal\/accessibility\">https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/about_us\/legal\/accessibility<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:left\">\n<li>Adams, SJ., Halaychik, C., and Mezick, J. 2018. Accessibility compliance: One state, two approaches. The Serials Librarian, 74(1-4): 163-169.<\/li>\n<li>Byerley, SL., and Chambers, MB. 2003. Accessibility of Web-based library databases: the vendors\u2019 perspectives. Library Hi Tech 21(3): 347-357.<\/li>\n<li>Byerley, SL., Chambers, MB., and Thohira, M. 2007. Accessibility of web-based library databases: The vendors\u2019 perspectives in 2007. Library Hi Tech, 25(4): 509-527.<\/li>\n<li>DeLancy, L. 2015. Assessing the accuracy of vendor-supplied accessibility documentation. Library Hi Tech 33(1): 103-113.<\/li>\n<li>DeLancey, L. 2019. VPAT repository. [cited 2020 Mar 17]. Available from <a href=\"https:\/\/vpats.wordpress.com\/\">https:\/\/vpats.wordpress.com\/<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Dermody, K. and Majekodunmi, N. 2011. Online databases and the research experience for university students with print disabilities. Library Hi Tech 29(1): 149-160.<\/li>\n<li>The eBook accessibility audit. [Internet]. [updated 2016]. Ebook audit 2016. [cited 2020 Mar 17]. Available from <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/site\/ebookaudit2016\/home\">https:\/\/sites.google.com\/site\/ebookaudit2016\/home<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Grand Valley State University Resolution Agreement OCR Docket #15-16-2195. [Internet]. [2017 March 13]. Department of Education Office for Civil Rights. [cited 2020 Mar 17]. Available from <a href=\"https:\/\/www2.ed.gov\/about\/offices\/list\/ocr\/docs\/investigations\/more\/15162195-b.pdf\">https:\/\/www2.ed.gov\/about\/offices\/list\/ocr\/docs\/investigations\/more\/15162195-b.pdf<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Kumar, KL., and Owston, R. 2016. Evaluating e-learning accessibility by automated and student centered methods. Educational Technology Research and Development 64(2): 263-283.<\/li>\n<li>Library E-Resource Accessibility \u2013 Testing [Internet]. [n.d.] Champaign (IL): Big Ten Academic Alliance. [cited 2020 Feb 28]. Available from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.btaa.org\/library\/accessibility\/library-e-resource-accessibility\u2013testing\">https:\/\/www.btaa.org\/library\/accessibility\/library-e-resource-accessibility\u2013testing<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Mulliken, A. 2019. Eighteen blind library users\u2019 experiences with library websites and search tools in U.S. academic libraries: A qualitative study. College &amp; Research Libraries 80(2): 152-168.<\/li>\n<li>Oswal, SK. 2014. Access to digital library databases in higher education: Design problems and infrastructural gaps. Work. 48:307-317.<\/li>\n<li>Rysavy, MDT., Michalak, R. 2020. Assessing the Accessibility of Library Tools &amp; Services When You Aren\u2019t an Accessibility Expert: Part 1. Journal of Library Administration 60(1):71-79.<\/li>\n<li>Tatomir, J., and Durrance, JC. 2010. Overcoming the information gap: Measuring the accessibility of library databases to adaptive technology users. Library Hi Tech, 28(4): 577-594.<\/li>\n<li>United States Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights Region XV. [Internet]. [n.d.]. Department of Education Office for Civil Rights. [cited 2020 Mar 17]. Available from <a href=\"https:\/\/www2.ed.gov\/about\/offices\/list\/ocr\/docs\/investigations\/more\/15162195-a.pdf\">https:\/\/www2.ed.gov\/about\/offices\/list\/ocr\/docs\/investigations\/more\/15162195-a.pdf<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Voluntary Product Accessibility Template (VPAT). [Internet]. [updated April 2018]. Washington, D.C. Section508.gov. [cited 2020 Mar 17]. Available from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.section508.gov\/sell\/vpat\">https:\/\/www.section508.gov\/sell\/vpat<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0643\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0644\u064a (GVSU University Libraries) \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[641,617,639],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53175","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technology-digital-transformation","category-issue-71","category-libraries-information-services"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53175","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=53175"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53175\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":54066,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53175\/revisions\/54066"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=53175"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=53175"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=53175"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}