{"id":53183,"date":"2021-01-01T12:00:29","date_gmt":"2021-01-01T12:00:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/?p=53183"},"modified":"2026-10-28T05:52:58","modified_gmt":"2026-10-28T05:52:58","slug":"%d9%87%d9%84-%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%b7%d8%a6-%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%ad%d8%a9-%d9%83%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%86%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d8%b5%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%9f-%d8%ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/?p=53183","title":{"rendered":"\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0637\u0626 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u061f \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a"},"content":{"rendered":"<div dir=\"rtl\">\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0627:<\/strong> \u0625\u0630\u0646\u060c \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u061f \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a 156 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c [1] \u0648\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(STEM)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(HSS)<\/bdi>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0633:<\/strong> \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0637\u0623\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062f-19\u060c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0651 \u0628\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0627:<\/strong> \u0646\u0639\u0645. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2012 [2] \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2013. [3] \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062e\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0637\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020. [4] \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(gold OA)<\/bdi> \u0642\u062f \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c [5] \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Plan S)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2018. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(S)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(cOAlition S)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u062a\u0646\u0633\u0651\u0642\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Science Europe)<\/bdi> \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0646\u062c\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(S)<\/bdi> \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639. [6] \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0639\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(transformative agreements)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0651\u0632 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(S)<\/bdi> \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644\u060c [7] \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0651\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0651\u0649\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u064f\u0648\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0633:<\/strong> \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631. \u0648\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a). \u062b\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(cOAlition S)<\/bdi> \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2024\u060c [8] \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062b\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0647\u0645. \u0641\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0651\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u062d\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0633\u062a\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0634 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064f\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u064a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0627:<\/strong> \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u063a\u0630\u0651\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u062b\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062e\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0632\u062e\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0632\u0650\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0632\u062e\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0632\u062e\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0633:<\/strong> \u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u062e\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u00ab\u0631\u0648\u0644\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u064a\u0633\u00bb. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0637\u0621 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u0651\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0633\u062e \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u2013 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0628\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u060c \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0630\u0648\u0630 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0645\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0634 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0623\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0627:<\/strong> \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0636\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628\u061f<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0633:<\/strong> \u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0631\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0623\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645. \u0641\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Springer Nature)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644. \u0648\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u06402.4 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a. [9] \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0640 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Springer)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2020\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d (\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629\u00bb) \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u064e\u0651\u0644\u0629\u00bb). \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0632\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628. \u0648\u0623\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Bloomsbury Academic)<\/bdi> \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629\u064b \u0646\u0639\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0645\u0633\u0643\u064a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Noam Chomsky)<\/bdi> \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u2013 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641: \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0647\u0648 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(The Precariat)<\/bdi> (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629\u00bb. \u0648\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642. \u0648\u062b\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0627:<\/strong> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u064f\u0631\u062c\u064e\u0651\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0645\u0648. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629. [10] \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b. [11] \u0648\u062b\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0633:<\/strong> \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0643. \u0641\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Invest in Open Infrastructure)<\/bdi> [12] \u0648<bdi dir=\"ltr\">(COPIM)<\/bdi> [13] \u0648<bdi dir=\"ltr\">(OPERAS)<\/bdi> [14] \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062b\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(discovery)<\/bdi>. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Metadata 2020)<\/bdi> [15] \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(NISO)<\/bdi> [16]\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0633\u064a\u064f\u0644\u0647\u064e\u0645 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0623\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0635\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647. \u0648\u0641\u064a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(CEU Press)<\/bdi> \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0649 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Opening the Future)<\/bdi> (\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644)\u060c [17] \u0646\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0627:<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0651\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062f-19\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062b\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0643\u0644\u064d\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0633:<\/strong> \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644. \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0623\u0633 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u062e \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0647. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ol dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:left\">\n<li value=\"1\">Entry page for UNESCO\u2019s Global Open Access Portal, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.unesco.org\/new\/en\/communication-and-information\/portals-and-platforms\/goap\/\">http:\/\/www.unesco.org\/new\/en\/communication-and-information\/portals-and-platforms\/goap\/<\/a> (accessed 29 October 2020).<\/li>\n<li value=\"2\">Working Group on Expanding Access to Published Research Findings, Accessibility, sustainability, excellence: how to expand access to research publications, June 2012, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sconul.ac.uk\/sites\/default\/files\/documents\/finch-report-executive-summary.pdf\">https:\/\/www.sconul.ac.uk\/sites\/default\/files\/documents\/finch-report-executive-summary.pdf<\/a> (accessed 29 October 2020).<\/li>\n<li value=\"3\">White House Office of Science Technology and Policy Public Access Forum, last modified January 9, 2017, <a href=\"https:\/\/obamawhitehouse.archives.gov\/administration\/eop\/ostp\/library\/publicaccesspolicy\">https:\/\/obamawhitehouse.archives.gov\/administration\/eop\/ostp\/library\/publicaccesspolicy<\/a> (accessed 29 October 2020).<\/li>\n<li value=\"4\">European Commission, \u201cWorld\u2019s science ministers call for open access to scientific data,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/cordis.europa.eu\/news\/rcn\/21526\/pl\">https:\/\/cordis.europa.eu\/news\/rcn\/21526\/pl<\/a> (accessed 29 October 2020).<\/li>\n<li value=\"5\">Universities UK, Monitoring the Transition to Open Access, December 2017, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.universitiesuk.ac.uk\/policy-and-analysis\/reports\/Documents\/2017\/monitoring-transition-open-access-2017.pdf\">https:\/\/www.universitiesuk.ac.uk\/policy-and-analysis\/reports\/Documents\/2017\/monitoring-transition-open-access-2017.pdf<\/a> (accessed 29 October 2020).<\/li>\n<li value=\"6\">European Commission, Progress on Open Science: Towards a Shared Research Knowledge System, April 2020, <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/research\/openscience\/pdf\/ec_rtd_ospp-final-report.pdf#view=fit&amp;pagemode=none\">https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/research\/openscience\/pdf\/ec_rtd_ospp-final-report.pdf#view=fit&amp;pagemode=none<\/a> (accessed 29 October 2020).<\/li>\n<li value=\"7\">EIFL, \u201cIWAP sign free Read &amp; Publish agreement,\u201d October 26, 2020, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eifl.net\/news\/eifl-iwap-sign-free-read-publish-agreement\">https:\/\/www.eifl.net\/news\/eifl-iwap-sign-free-read-publish-agreement<\/a> (accessed 29 October 2020).<\/li>\n<li value=\"8\">\u201cPlan S Principles,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.coalition-s.org\/plan_s_principles\/\">https:\/\/www.coalition-s.org\/plan_s_principles\/<\/a> (accessed 9 November 2020).<\/li>\n<li value=\"9\">Springer Nature, \u201cDiversifying readership through open access,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/open-research\/journals-books\/books\/diversifying-readership-through-open-access\">https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/open-research\/journals-books\/books\/diversifying-readership-through-open-access<\/a> (accessed 29 October 2020).<\/li>\n<li value=\"10\">European University Association, Read &amp; Publish contracts in the context of a dynamic scholarly publishing system, 15 July 2020, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eua.eu\/resources\/publications\/932:read-publish-agreements.html\">https:\/\/www.eua.eu\/resources\/publications\/932:read-publish-agreements.html<\/a> (accessed 29 October 2020).<\/li>\n<li value=\"11\">Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, National Research Data Infrastructure, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dfg.de\/en\/research_funding\/programmes\/nfdi\/index.html\">https:\/\/www.dfg.de\/en\/research_funding\/programmes\/nfdi\/index.html<\/a> (accessed 29 October 2020); Association of Universities in the Netherlands (VSNU), Consultation on Guiding Principles on Management of Research Information and Data, 18 May 2020, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vsnu.nl\/en_GB\/news-items\/nieuwsbericht\/596-consultation-on-guiding-principles-on-management-of-research-information-and-data.html\">https:\/\/www.vsnu.nl\/en_GB\/news-items\/nieuwsbericht\/596-consultation-on-guiding-principles-on-management-of-research-information-and-data.html<\/a> (accessed 29 October 2020).<\/li>\n<li value=\"12\">Invest in Open Infrastructure, <a href=\"https:\/\/investinopen.org\/\">https:\/\/investinopen.org\/<\/a> (accessed 29 October 2020).<\/li>\n<li value=\"13\">Community-led Open Publication Infrastructures for Monographs (COPIM), Open Access, Open Infrastructures, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.copim.ac.uk\/\">https:\/\/www.copim.ac.uk\/<\/a> (accessed 29 October 2020).<\/li>\n<li value=\"14\">Open Scholarly Communication in the European Research Area for Social Sciences and Humanities (OPERAS), <a href=\"https:\/\/operas.hypotheses.org\/\">https:\/\/operas.hypotheses.org\/<\/a> (accessed 29 October 2020).<\/li>\n<li value=\"15\">Metadata 2020, Share Metadata Stories Good and Bad, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.metadata2020.org\/\">http:\/\/www.metadata2020.org\/<\/a> (accessed 29 October 2020).<\/li>\n<li value=\"16\">NISO, E-Book Bibliographic Metadata Requirements in the Sale, Publication, Discovery, and Preservation Supply Chain (E-Book Metadata) Working Group, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.niso.org\/standards-committees\/ebmd\">https:\/\/www.niso.org\/standards-committees\/ebmd<\/a> (accessed 29 October 2020).<\/li>\n<li value=\"17\">Central European Press, Opening the Future: A New Model for Open Access, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.openingthefuture.net\/\">https:\/\/www.openingthefuture.net\/<\/a> (accessed 29 October 2020).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0627: \u0625\u0630\u0646\u060c \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u061f \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a 156 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[619,642],"tags":[2400,2399,2401,1224,1997],"class_list":["post-53183","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-issue-73","category-publishing-open-access","tag-2400","tag--s","tag-2401","tag-1224","tag---19"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53183","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=53183"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53183\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":56060,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53183\/revisions\/56060"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=53183"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=53183"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=53183"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}