{"id":53195,"date":"2021-10-01T12:00:19","date_gmt":"2021-10-01T12:00:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/?p=53195"},"modified":"2026-10-28T05:59:04","modified_gmt":"2026-10-28T05:59:04","slug":"%d8%a3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%af%d9%88%d9%86-%d9%85%d9%86%d9%8a-%d8%a3%d9%86-%d8%a3%d9%82%d8%b1%d8%a3-%d9%84%d9%86%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%9f-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/?p=53195","title":{"rendered":"\u00ab\u0623\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u062a\u064a\u061f\u00bb: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<div 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\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c[5] \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(widening participation)<\/bdi> \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0633\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 (0\u20138) <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Early Years (0\u20138) Foundation Degree)<\/bdi> \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0633\u062a\u0631. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062f\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0632 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0648\u0631\u0633\u0633\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0651\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0630\u0648\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b (97%)\u060c \u064874% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(mature students)<\/bdi>. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629: \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(A-level)<\/bdi> \u0633\u0648\u0649 29% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642 55% \u0628\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0642\u0639 45% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0626\u062a\u064e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064f\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Index of Multiple Deprivation, IMD)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0640 25% \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064f\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064f\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0639 50% \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0626\u062a\u064e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064f\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Participation of Local Areas, POLAR)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0640 27% \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0641 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(POLAR)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0641\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064f\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064f\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(UDL)<\/bdi>:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0633\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Universal Design for Learning, UDL)<\/bdi>.[6] \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u064a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u00ab\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0627\u00bb\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0648\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628.[7] \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0651 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0635 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628. \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631: \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645.[8] \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0633\u0651 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644: \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0633\u0643\u064a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Jackson and Lapinski)<\/bdi>\u060c[9] \u062d\u062f\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 (<bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Talis Aspire)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u00ab\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u00bb <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Resource Lists)<\/bdi>) \u0644\u062a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0643\u062a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635\u060c \u0643\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0627 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dir=\"ltr\">(Audible)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Borrowbox)<\/bdi> \u0648<bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Overdrive)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0627 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(EBSCO)<\/bdi> \u0648<bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Overdrive)<\/bdi>. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 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\u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/li>\n<li><bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Spreed)<\/bdi> \u0648<bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Zap Reader)<\/bdi>: \u0623\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631<\/li>\n<li><bdi dir=\"ltr\">(NVDA)<\/bdi>: \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u00ab\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0632\u0639\u062c\u0629\u061f\u00bb \u0623\u0648 \u00ab\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u061f\u00bb. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0635\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629. \u0641\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f (\u0623\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u064f\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u064f\u0632\u0639\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Jisc Online Surveys)<\/bdi> \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019\u060c \u0639\u0642\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0648\u0651\u062c \u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0637\u064f\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Padlet)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 (\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 1).<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 1: \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/th>\n<th>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 (\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 4 \u06485)<\/th>\n<th>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>2018\/19<\/td>\n<td>140<\/td>\n<td>31 (\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2019) \/ 62 (\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2019\/20<\/td>\n<td>120<\/td>\n<td>62<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(ATbar)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0638\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 2).<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 2: \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/th>\n<th><bdi dir=\"ltr\">(ATBar)<\/bdi> (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644)<\/th>\n<th><bdi dir=\"ltr\">(ATBar)<\/bdi> (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629)<\/th>\n<th><bdi dir=\"ltr\">(NVDA)<\/bdi> (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644)<\/th>\n<th><bdi dir=\"ltr\">(NVDA)<\/bdi> (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629)<\/th>\n<th><bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Spreed)<\/bdi><\/th>\n<th><bdi dir=\"ltr\">(ZapReader)<\/bdi><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>2018\/19<\/td>\n<td>32<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>14<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2019\/20<\/td>\n<td>24<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>12<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u0644 \u0646\u0632\u0651\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u061f \u0623\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647\u0645\u061f \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628. \u0648\u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a 2019\/20. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 4 \u06485\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 (82%) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 1: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0623\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628:<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0651\u0633\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u064a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(scaffolding)<\/bdi> \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628.[22]<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0643\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u0649\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a. \u0641\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062f-19. \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0638\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642)\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645. \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0647\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\/\u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641. \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Worcester Research and Publications)<\/bdi> <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(WRaP)<\/bdi> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ol dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:left\">\n<li value=\"1\">Les Back, Academic Diary: Or Why Higher Education Still Matters (London: Goldsmiths Press, 2016), 20.<\/li>\n<li value=\"2\">David A. Jolliffe and Allison Harl, \u201cTexts of Our Institutional Lives: Studying the \u2018Reading Transition\u2019 from High School to College: What Are Our Students Reading and Why?,\u201d College of English 70, no. 6 (2008): 599\u2013617.<\/li>\n<li value=\"3\">Michelle Malomo, Action Research Project Report Part 1 (University of Worcester: unpublished, 2017).<\/li>\n<li value=\"4\">Eva Brittin-Snell and Aly Davie, \u201cSage Student Scholars,\u201d Talis Insight Europe, 2017, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.slideshare.net\/TalisEducation\/talis-insight-europe-2017-sage-student-scholars\">https:\/\/www.slideshare.net\/TalisEducation\/talis-insight-europe-2017-sage-student-scholars<\/a> (accessed 10 June 2021).<\/li>\n<li value=\"5\">David Maguire and David Morris, Homeward Bound: Defining, Understanding and Aiding \u2018Commuter Students\u2019 (Higher Education Policy Institute (HEPI), December 2018), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hepi.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/HEPI-Homeward-Bound-Defining-understanding-and-aiding-\u2018commuter-students\u2019-Report-11429_11_18Web-1.pdf\">https:\/\/www.hepi.ac.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/HEPI-Homeward-Bound-Defining-understanding-and-aiding-\u2018commuter-students\u2019-Report-11429_11_18Web-1.pdf<\/a> (accessed 10 June 2021).<\/li>\n<li value=\"6\">Anne Meyer, David H. Rose, and David Gordon, Universal Design for Learning: Theory and Practice (Wakefield, MA: CAST Professional Publishing, 2014), <a href=\"http:\/\/udltheorypractice.cast.org\/home?3\">http:\/\/udltheorypractice.cast.org\/home?3<\/a> (accessed 11 June 2021).<\/li>\n<li value=\"7\">Katie Novak and Se\u00e1n Bracken, \u201cUniversal Design for Learning: A Global Framework for Realizing Inclusive Practice in Higher Education,\u201d in Transforming Higher Education through Universal Design for Learning: An International Perspective, ed. Se\u00e1n Bracken and Katie Novak (Abingdon: Routledge, 2019), 1\u20138, DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4324\/9781351132077-1\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4324\/9781351132077-1<\/a><\/li>\n<li value=\"8\">Novak and Bracken, \u201cUniversal Design for Learning: A Global Framework for Realizing Inclusive Practice in Higher Education,\u201d 1\u20138.<\/li>\n<li value=\"9\">Richard M. Jackson and Scott D. Lapinski, \u201cStructuring the Blended Learning Environment on Campus for Equity and Opportunity,\u201d in Transforming Higher Education through Universal Design for Learning : An International Perspective, ed. Se\u00e1n Bracken and Katie Novak (London: Routledge, 2019), 297\u2013311, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4324\/9781351132077-18\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4324\/9781351132077-18<\/a><\/li>\n<li value=\"10\">Diane Pecorari et al., \u201cReading in Tertiary Education: Undergraduate Student Practices and Attitudes,\u201d Quality in Higher Education 18, no. 2 (July 2012): 235\u201356, DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13538322.2012.706464\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13538322.2012.706464<\/a> (accessed 11 June 2021).<\/li>\n<li value=\"11\">Katherine Derla, \u201cMore Than 90 Percent Of College Students Prefer Reading Paper Books Over E-Books,\u201d Tech Times (2016), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.techtimes.com\/articles\/131055\/20160205\/more-than-90-percent-of-college-students-prefer-reading-paper-books-over-e-books.htm\">https:\/\/www.techtimes.com\/articles\/131055\/20160205\/more-than-90-percent-of-college-students-prefer-reading-paper-books-over-e-books.htm<\/a> (accessed 11 June 2021); Naomi S. Baron, Words Onscreen: The Fate of Reading in a Digital World (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015); Direct Textbook, \u201cDirect Textbook: 72% of College Students Prefer Print Over Ebooks,\u201d Cision PRNews (2015), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.prnewswire.com\/news-releases\/direct-textbook-72-of-college-students-prefer-print-over-ebooks-300135561.html\">https:\/\/www.prnewswire.com\/news-releases\/direct-textbook-72-of-college-students-prefer-print-over-ebooks-300135561.html<\/a> (accessed 11 June 2021); Nicole Johnston and A. M. Salaz, \u201cExploring the Reasons Why University Students Prefer Print Over Digital Texts: An Australian Perspective,\u201d Journal of the Australian Library and Information Association 68, no. 2 (2019): 126\u201345, DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/24750158.2019.1587858\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/24750158.2019.1587858<\/a> (accessed 11 June 2021).<\/li>\n<li value=\"12\">Johnston and Salaz, \u201cExploring the Reasons Why University Students Prefer Print Over Digital Texts: An Australian Perspective,\u201d 126\u201345; Brittin-Snell and Davie, \u201cSage Student Scholars.\u201d DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/24750158.2019.1587858\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/24750158.2019.1587858<\/a><\/li>\n<li value=\"13\">Matt Enis, \u201cCollege Students Prefer Print for Long-Form Reading, Ebooks for Research,\u201d LJ Library Journal (2018): <a href=\"https:\/\/www.libraryjournal.com\/?detailStory=college-students-prefer-print-long-form-reading-ebooks-research-lj-survey\">https:\/\/www.libraryjournal.com\/?detailStory=college-students-prefer-print-long-form-reading-ebooks-research-lj-survey<\/a> (accessed 11 June 2021); Johnston and Salaz, 126\u201345.<\/li>\n<li value=\"14\">Direct Textbook, \u201cDirect Textbook: 72% of College Students Prefer Print Over Ebooks.\u201d<\/li>\n<li value=\"15\">Enis, \u201cCollege Students Prefer Print for Long-Form Reading, Ebooks for Research.\u201d<\/li>\n<li value=\"16\">R.W. Vickers et al., Reading Behaviour Project Report 2016: \u2018Digital Magpies\u2019 \u2013 the academic reading habits of undergraduate students (University of Salford, 2016), <a href=\"http:\/\/usir.salford.ac.uk\/id\/eprint\/42136\/\">http:\/\/usir.salford.ac.uk\/id\/eprint\/42136\/<\/a> (accessed 11 June 2021).<\/li>\n<li value=\"17\">Malomo, Action Research Project Report Part 1.<\/li>\n<li value=\"18\">Saranne Weller, \u201cComparing Lecturer and Student Accounts of Reading in the Humanities,\u201d Arts and Humanities in Higher Education, 9, no. 1 (February 2010): 87\u2013106, DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1474022209349767\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1474022209349767<\/a> (accessed 11 June 2021).<\/li>\n<li value=\"19\">Office for Students, \u2018Digital Poverty\u2019 Risks Leaving Students Behind, September 3, 2020, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.officeforstudents.org.uk\/news-blog-and-events\/press-and-media\/digital-poverty-risks-leaving-students-behind\/\">https:\/\/www.officeforstudents.org.uk\/news-blog-and-events\/press-and-media\/digital-poverty-risks-leaving-students-behind\/<\/a> (accessed 11 June 2021).<\/li>\n<li value=\"20\">Beth A. Rogowsky, Barbara M. Calhoun, and Paula Tallal, \u201cDoes Modality Matter? The Effects of Reading, Listening, and Dual Modality on Comprehension,\u201d SAGE Open 6, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 1\u20139, DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2158244016669550\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2158244016669550<\/a> (accessed 11 June 2021).<\/li>\n<li value=\"21\">Emanuela Marchetti and Andrea Valente, \u201cInteractivity and multimodality in language learning: the untapped potential of audiobooks,\u201d Universal Access in the Information Society 17, no. 2 (2018): 257\u201374, DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10209-017-0549-5\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10209-017-0549-5<\/a> (accessed 11 June 2021); Cody Kommers, \u201cWhy Listening to a Book Is Not the Same as Reading It,\u201d Psychology Today UK, December 10, 2018, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.psychologytoday.com\/gb\/blog\/friendly-interest\/201812\/why-listening-book-is-not-the-same-reading-it\">https:\/\/www.psychologytoday.com\/gb\/blog\/friendly-interest\/201812\/why-listening-book-is-not-the-same-reading-it<\/a> (accessed 11 June 2021); Markham Heid, \u201cAre Audiobooks As Good For You As Reading? Here\u2019s What Experts Say,\u201d Time, September 6, 2018, <a href=\"https:\/\/time.com\/5388681\/audiobooks-reading-books\/\">https:\/\/time.com\/5388681\/audiobooks-reading-books\/<\/a> (accessed 11 June 2021).<\/li>\n<li value=\"22\">Gillian Siddall and Hannah Rose, \u201cReading lists \u2013 time for a reality check? an investigation into the use of reading lists as a pedagogical tool to support the development of information skills amongst Foundation Degree students,\u201d Library and Information Research 38, no. 118 (2014), <a href=\"https:\/\/lirgjournal.org.uk\/index.php\/lir\/article\/view\/605\">https:\/\/lirgjournal.org.uk\/index.php\/lir\/article\/view\/605<\/a> (accessed 11 June 2021). DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.29173\/lirg605\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.29173\/lirg605<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Study data, Worcester Research and Publications: <a href=\"https:\/\/eprints.worc.ac.uk\/10268\/\">https:\/\/eprints.worc.ac.uk\/10268\/<\/a>; <a href=\"https:\/\/eprints.worc.ac.uk\/10269\/\">https:\/\/eprints.worc.ac.uk\/10269\/<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629: \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628: \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[643,622,639],"tags":[2420,2418,2422,2421,2419],"class_list":["post-53195","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-education-information-literacy","category-issue-76","category-libraries-information-services","tag-2420","tag-2418","tag-2422","tag-2421","tag-2419"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53195","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=53195"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53195\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":56079,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53195\/revisions\/56079"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=53195"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=53195"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=53195"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}