{"id":53207,"date":"2022-07-01T12:00:39","date_gmt":"2022-07-01T12:00:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/?p=53207"},"modified":"2026-10-26T18:10:15","modified_gmt":"2026-10-26T18:10:15","slug":"%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%b2%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%83%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%b2%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/?p=53207","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a: \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d"},"content":{"rendered":"<div 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0646 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Swan)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u00ab\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u00bb <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Modelling Scholarly Communication Options: Costs and benefits for universities)<\/bdi>.[4] \u0641\u0641\u064a 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open access)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Max Planck Digital Library)<\/bdi> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 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\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 2,000 \u064a\u0648\u0631\u0648.[6]<\/p>\n<p>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d (<bdi dir=\"ltr\">(German National Contact Point Open Access)<\/bdi> <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(OA2020-DE)<\/bdi>)\u060c \u062d\u0644\u0644\u062a \u0634\u0648\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0644\u062f\u0631 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Sch\u00f6nfelder)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u00ab\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u00bb <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(transformation calculations)<\/bdi>. \u0648\u062a\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.[7] \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0644\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0648 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Laakso)<\/bdi> \u0648\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647\u060c[8] \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 &#8211; \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 (1993\u20131999)\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 (2000\u20132004)\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e (2005\u20132009) &#8211; \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a: \u0641\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a 1,261 \u064a\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2010\u060c \u0628\u0644\u063a 1,684 \u064a\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2010 \u0647\u0648 2,318 \u064a\u0648\u0631\u0648\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020 \u0628\u0644\u063a 2,373 \u064a\u0648\u0631\u0648.[9]<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a.[10] \u0648\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 &#8211; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062f\u064f\u0639\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u00bb <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Open Access Publishing)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (<bdi dir=\"ltr\">(German Research Foundation)<\/bdi> <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(DFG)<\/bdi>)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 2010 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2020.[11] \u0648\u0641\u0636\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2010 \u06482020\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639.[12]<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(DEAL)<\/bdi>\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a &#8211; \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Elsevier)<\/bdi> \u0648<bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Springer Nature)<\/bdi> \u0648<bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Wiley)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u00ab\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623\u00bb <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Publish and Read)<\/bdi>.[13] \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(DEAL)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0639 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Wiley)<\/bdi>[14] \u0648<bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Springer Nature)<\/bdi>\u060c[15] \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0628\u062f\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(German U15)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645 15 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0642\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u2026 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629\u00bb[16] (\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641)\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u00ab\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u00bb[17] (\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641). \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(TU9)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0639 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064b\u0627: \u00ab\u062b\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(DEAL)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u00bb.[18] (\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641).<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0634\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u062f \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Options4OA)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2018[19] \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 701 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 &#8211; \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a &#8211; \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a 403 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 46.65% <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(n = 188)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(DFG)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(BMBF)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629) \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0646\u0638\u0645 44.17% <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(n = 178)<\/bdi> \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629)<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 43.18% <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(n = 174)<\/bdi> \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0646<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 36.48% <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(n = 147)<\/bdi> \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631.[20]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u0636\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0647\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0632 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Helmholtz Association)<\/bdi> \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062a\u0643\u0628\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d.[21]<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062b\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u062a\u064f\u062f\u0628\u064e\u0651\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0648\u062c\u064e\u0651\u0647 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 (\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a)\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a:<\/strong> \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0628\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0647. \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0635\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u00ab\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0635\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u00bb <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Appeal for the Disclosure of Publication Fees)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016\u060c \u062f\u0639\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Alliance of German Science Organizations)<\/bdi> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0635\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646.[22] \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0635\u0627\u063a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0650\u0628\u0644 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Science Europe)<\/bdi> \u0641\u064a \u00ab\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Science Europe)<\/bdi> \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0635\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u00bb <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Recommendation by Science Europe for the Disclosure of Publication Fees)<\/bdi>.[23] \u0648\u0623\u064f\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u00ab\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u00bb <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Amsterdam Call for Action on Open Science)<\/bdi>.[24] \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0647\u0627\u00bb <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Recommendation on Access to and Preservation of Scientific Information)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0634\u062c\u064e\u0651\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0635\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.[25]<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2022\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 351 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(OpenAPC)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629.[26] \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY)<\/bdi>[27] \u0648<bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich)<\/bdi>[28] \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0634 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(J\u00fclich)<\/bdi> \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u00ab\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u00bb <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Open Access Barometer)<\/bdi> \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629.[29] \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u064013 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0634.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0632\u062e\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0646\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627[30] \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629[31] \u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627[32] \u0648\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0627[33] \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0635\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647.[34] \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0641\u0636\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0635\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0635\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(DEAL)<\/bdi> \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647.[35]<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0621 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Options4OA)<\/bdi> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0649 20.84% <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(n = 84)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d<\/li>\n<li>36.97% <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(n = 149)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064b\u0627<\/li>\n<li>22.33% <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(n = 90)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062c\u064e\u0651\u0644<\/li>\n<li>19.85% <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(n = 80)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0649 12.19% <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(n = 49)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 44.78% <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(n = 180)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064b\u0627<\/li>\n<li>\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u0649 34.58% <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(n = 139)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a.[36]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (<bdi dir=\"ltr\">(current research information systems)<\/bdi> <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(CRIS)<\/bdi>) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629 <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(institutional repositories)<\/bdi> \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d. \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 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\u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u062b\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0630\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0630\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0634\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Wissenschaftsrat)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u00ab\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u00bb <bdi dir=\"ltr\">(Recommendations for the Transformation of Scientific Publishing to Open Access)<\/bdi>.[38]<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:left\">\n<li>[1] Mikael Laakso et al., \u201cThe Development of Open Access Journal Publishing from 1993 to 2009,\u201d PLOS ONE 6, no. 6 (June 13, 2011): e20961, DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0020961\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0020961<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[2] Christoph Bruch et al., \u201cPositions on Creating an Open Access Publication Market Which Is Scholarly Adequate. Positions of the Ad Hoc Working Group Open Access Gold in the Priority Initiative \u2018Digital Information\u2019 of the Alliance of Science Organisations in Germany,\u201d (2015), DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2312\/allianzoa.009\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2312\/allianzoa.009<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[3] Ralf Schimmer, \u201cOpen Access Und Die Re-Kontextualisierung Des Bibliothekserwerbungsetats,\u201d Bibliothek Forschung Und Praxis 36, no. 3 (2012): 293\u201399, DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/bfp-2012-0038\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/bfp-2012-0038<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[4] Alma Swan, Modelling Scholarly Communication Options: Costs and Benefits for Universities, (2010), <a href=\"http:\/\/repository.jisc.ac.uk\/442\/\">http:\/\/repository.jisc.ac.uk\/442\/<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[5] Alma Swan and John Houghton, Going for Gold? The Costs and Benefits of Gold Open Access for UK Research Institutions: Further Economic Modelling. Report to the UK Open Access Implementation Group, (2012), <a href=\"http:\/\/repository.jisc.ac.uk\/id\/eprint\/610\">http:\/\/repository.jisc.ac.uk\/id\/eprint\/610<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[6] Ralf Schimmer, Kai Karin Geschuhn, and Andreas Vogler, \u201cDisrupting the Subscription Journals\u2019 Business Model for the Necessary Large-Scale Transformation to Open Access,\u201d (April 28, 2015), DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17617\/1.3\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17617\/1.3<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[7] Nina Sch\u00f6nfelder, \u201cTransformationsrechnung: Mittelbedarf F\u00fcr Open Access an Ausgew\u00e4hlten Deutschen Universit\u00e4ten Und Forschungseinrichtungen,\u201d 2019, <a href=\"https:\/\/pub.uni-bielefeld.de\/record\/2937971\">https:\/\/pub.uni-bielefeld.de\/record\/2937971<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[8] Laakso et al., \u201cThe Development of Open Access Journal Publishing from 1993 to 2009.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>[9] \u201cOpenAPC. v4.44.4-1-0,\u201d OpenAPC, 2022, DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4119\/UNIBI\/UB.2014.18\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4119\/UNIBI\/UB.2014.18<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[10] Heinz Pampel and Marco Tullney, \u201c3b. Open-Access-Publikationsfonds,\u201d in Praxishandbuch Open Access, ed. Konstanze S\u00f6llner and Bernhard Mittermaier (Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2017), 162\u201372, DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/9783110494068-019\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/9783110494068-019<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[11] Michael Ploder et al., DFG Funding Programme Open Access Publishing \u2013 Report about the Funding (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, April 1, 2020), DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.4486411\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.4486411<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[12] European Commission, Survey on Open Access in FP7 (Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2012), DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2777\/81083\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2777\/81083<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[13] Bernhard Mittermaier, \u201cAus dem DEAL-Maschinenraum \u2014 ein Gespr\u00e4ch mit Bernhard Mittermaier,\u201d LIBREAS. Library Ideas, 32 (2017), <a href=\"https:\/\/libreas.eu\/ausgabe32\/mittermaier\/\">https:\/\/libreas.eu\/ausgabe32\/mittermaier\/<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[14] Frank Sander et al., \u201cProjekt DEAL \u2013 John Wiley &amp; Son Publish and Read Agreement,\u201d 2019, DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17617\/2.3027595\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17617\/2.3027595<\/a> (7 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[15] Stefan Kieselbach, \u201cProjekt DEAL \u2013 Springer Nature Publish and Read Agreement,\u201d 2020, <a href=\"https:\/\/pure.mpg.de\/pubman\/faces\/ViewItemOverviewPage.jsp?itemId=item_3174351\">https:\/\/pure.mpg.de\/pubman\/faces\/ViewItemOverviewPage.jsp?itemId=item_3174351<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[16] \u201cGerman U15 Zu DEAL: Wissenschaftliches Publizieren Im Zeitalter von Open Access Erfordert Neue Finanzarchitektur,\u201d German U15, 2019, 15, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.german-u15.de\/presse\/ressourcen-2014-2019\/20190917_U15-DEAL-Positionspapier.pdf\">https:\/\/www.german-u15.de\/presse\/ressourcen-2014-2019\/20190917_U15-DEAL-Positionspapier.pdf<\/a> (accessed 11 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[17] \u201cGerman U15 Zu DEAL: Wissenschaftliches Publizieren Im Zeitalter von Open Access Erfordert Neue Finanzarchitektur,\u201d 15.<\/li>\n<li>[18] \u201cOpen-Access-Transformation Zum Erfolg F\u00fchren,\u201d TU9, 2019, <a href=\"https:\/\/jimdo-storage.global.ssl.fastly.net\/file\/599e801c-86fe-4b3b-8885-a352c88dde03\/PM_OpenAccess_final_241119.pdf\">https:\/\/jimdo-storage.global.ssl.fastly.net\/file\/599e801c-86fe-4b3b-8885-a352c88dde03\/PM_OpenAccess_final_241119.pdf<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[19] Heinz Pampel, \u201cOpen Access an wissenschaftlichen Einrichtungen in Deutschland. Ergebnisse einer Erhebung im Jahr 2018. Bericht\u201d (GeoForschungsZentrum \u2013 Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam, 2019), DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2312\/OS.HELMHOLTZ.005\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2312\/OS.HELMHOLTZ.005<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[20] Pampel, \u201cOpen Access an wissenschaftlichen Einrichtungen in Deutschland.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>[21] Irene Barbers, Nadja Kalinna, and Bernhard Mittermaier, \u201cData-Driven Transition: Joint Reporting of Subscription Expenditure and Publication Costs,\u201d Publications 6, no. 2 (2018), DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/publications6020019\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/publications6020019<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022); Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich, \u201cOpen-Access-Barometer 2019,\u201d fz-juelich.de, (2020), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fz-juelich.de\/zb\/DE\/Leistungen\/Open_Access\/oa_barometer\/oa_barometer_node.html\">https:\/\/www.fz-juelich.de\/zb\/DE\/Leistungen\/Open_Access\/oa_barometer\/oa_barometer_node.html<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022); Bernhard Mittermaier, \u201c(Gold) Open Access \u2013 Eine Disruptive Technologie?,\u201d (2014), <a href=\"http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/2128\/5830\">http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/2128\/5830<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022); Bernhard Mittermaier, \u201cThe J\u00fclich Open Access Barometer,\u201d (2018), <a href=\"http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/2128\/20092\">http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/2128\/20092<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[22] \u201cShaping Open Access, Creating Transparency \u2013 Appeal for Disclosure of Publication Fees,\u201d Alliance of German Science Organizations, (2016), DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2312\/ALLIANZOA.014\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2312\/ALLIANZOA.014<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[23] \u201cShaping Open Access and Creating Transparency. Recommendation by Science Europe for the Disclosure of Publication Fees,\u201d Science Europe, (2017), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scienceeurope.org\/media\/0m1bq2ji\/se_openapc_recommendation.pdf\">https:\/\/www.scienceeurope.org\/media\/0m1bq2ji\/se_openapc_recommendation.pdf<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[24] \u201cAmsterdam Call for Action on Open Science,\u201d Ministry of Education, Culture and Science, 2016, <a href=\"https:\/\/openarchiv.hypotheses.org\/files\/2016\/06\/amsterdam-call-for-action-on-open-science.pdf\">https:\/\/openarchiv.hypotheses.org\/files\/2016\/06\/amsterdam-call-for-action-on-open-science.pdf<\/a> (accessed 11 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[25] \u201cCommission Recommendation (EU) 2018\/790 of 25 April 2018 on Access to and Preservation of Scientific Information,\u201d European Commission, 2018, <a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX%3A32018H0790\">https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX%3A32018H0790<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[26] OpenAPC, \u201cOpenAPC. v4.44.4-1-0.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>[27] Gernot Deinzer et al., \u201cIncluding Open Access Information in Institutional Repositories,\u201d in CERN Workshop on Innovations in Scholarly Communication (OAI10), (2017), DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3204\/PUBDB-2017-05961\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3204\/PUBDB-2017-05961<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022); Alexander Wagner, \u201cAPC-Verwaltung im institutionellen Repositorium,\u201d GMS Medizin \u2013 Bibliothek \u2013 Information 18, no. 3 (December 21, 2018): Doc21, DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3205\/mbi000422\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3205\/mbi000422<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[28] Barbers, Kalinna, and Mittermaier, \u201cData-Driven Transition: Joint Reporting of Subscription Expenditure and Publication Costs,\u201d 2.<\/li>\n<li>[29] Mittermaier, \u201cThe J\u00fclich Open Access Barometer.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>[30] Leo Lathi, \u201cCost of Academic Publishing in Finland 2010\u20132017,\u201d ropengov.github.io\/, (2018), <a href=\"https:\/\/ropengov.org\/2018\/12\/cost-of-academic-publishing-in-finland-2010-2017\/\">https:\/\/ropengov.org\/2018\/12\/cost-of-academic-publishing-in-finland-2010-2017\/<\/a> (accessed 11 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[31] Lawson, Stuart, and Ben Meghreblian. \u201cJournal Subscription Expenditure of UK Higher Education Institutions.\u201d F1000Research 3 (July 6, 2015): 274. DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.5706.3\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.5706.3<\/a> (accessed 7 April 2022).<\/li>\n<li>[32] Mark C. 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Arbeitspapier.\u201d; Pampel, \u201cStrategische und operative Handlungsoptionen f\u00fcr wissenschaftliche Einrichtungen zur Gestaltung der Open-Access-Transformation.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629: \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u060c[1] \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[625,639,642],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53207","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-issue-79","category-libraries-information-services","category-publishing-open-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53207","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=53207"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53207\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":54021,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53207\/revisions\/54021"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=53207"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=53207"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=53207"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}