{"id":53211,"date":"2022-10-01T12:00:12","date_gmt":"2022-10-01T12:00:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/?p=53211"},"modified":"2026-10-27T17:26:19","modified_gmt":"2026-10-27T17:26:19","slug":"%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81-%d9%81%d8%a7%d9%82%d9%85%d8%aa-%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%ad%d8%a9-%d9%83%d9%88%d9%81%d9%8a%d8%af-19-%d8%a3%d8%b2%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d8%aa%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/informaticsjournal.net\/?p=53211","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062f-19 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 #(ebooksos) \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

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\u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631. \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0623\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a (crowdsourced)<\/bdi> \u0648\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645.[5] \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062e\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0628\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646. \u0641\u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 4000% \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0628\u062a \u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0644 (Caroline Ball)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a (Rachel Bickley)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a (Benjamin White)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (#ebooksos)<\/bdi> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (Education Select Committee)<\/bdi>\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629.[6] \u0648\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0635 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0638\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 4700 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 (National Health Service)<\/bdi> \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0631\u062f\u0651 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n

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\u0648\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 (Taylor & Francis)<\/bdi> \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u0640\u00ab\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u00bb\u060c[9] \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0631\u062f\u062f\u0647 \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0627 (Stephen Lotinga)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 (Publishers Association)<\/bdi>:<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u064e\u062f\u0651 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u064e\u0651\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a.\u00bb[10]<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 (Jisc)<\/bdi> \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0631\u062f \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u062d\u0627\u062f \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0648\u062a (Anthony Sinnott)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643:<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u0623\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0630\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621.\u00bb[11]<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u062c\u0629 (#ebooksos)<\/bdi>: \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0625\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a (Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals, CILIP)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0631\u064a\u0633 (Paul Aryis)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f (Pro-Vice-Provost)<\/bdi> (\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646 (#ebooksos)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 (Competition and Markets Authority, CMA)<\/bdi> \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064e\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062f\u064f\u0639\u064a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 (#ebooksos)<\/bdi> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 (University College London)<\/bdi>\u060c[12] \u0633\u062c\u0651\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 700 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 13 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062f\u064f\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 (League of Research Universities)<\/bdi> \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0647\u0627\u063a\u0646. \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 (#ebooksos)<\/bdi> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0646 (Research Libraries UK)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648(Jisc)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648(SCONUL)<\/bdi>\u060c[13] \u0648\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c[14] \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a (University and College Union, UCU)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 130000 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c[15] \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 (The Society of Legal Scholars)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 (National Union for Students)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 (Library Futures)<\/bdi>.[16] \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 (#ebooksos)<\/bdi> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0648\u0627\u064a (Sarah Pittaway)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0632 (Lucy Barnes)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0648 (Nadia Georgiou)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0632 \u0623\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0645 (Charles Oppenheim)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c[17] \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0648\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 450 \u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u0644\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 (#ebooksos)<\/bdi> \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0648\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 (YouTube)<\/bdi> \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 1700 \u0645\u0631\u0629.[18] \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 (#ebooksos)<\/bdi> \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0631\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627:<\/strong><\/h2>\n

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\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 (#ebooksos)<\/bdi> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d (\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064b\u0627)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 (open educational resources, OERs)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 (Controlled Digital Lending, CDL)<\/bdi>\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641\u060c \u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0631\u064f\u0634\u062d \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d (Open Publishing Award)<\/bdi> \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2021\u060c[30] \u0648\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a (CILIP)<\/bdi> \u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0644\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2022.[31] \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 (#ebooksos)<\/bdi>. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064d\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0641\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2022 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 14% \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627.[32]<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    \n
  1. \u201c#ebooksos in one minute!,\u201d YouTube, October 27, 2021, https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=tuZUJs72288&ab_channel=EbookInvestigation<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \n
    1. Jane Secker, Elizabeth Gadd, and Chris Morrison, Understanding the value of the CLA Licence to UK higher Education, July 2019, https:\/\/www.sconul.ac.uk\/sites\/default\/files\/documents\/CNAC%20Research%20Project%20Report%20FINAL%20with%20logos.pdf<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    2. \u201cSector pulls together to deliver unprecedented amount of e-textbooks to minimise impact of COVID-19,\u201d Jisc, April 1, 2020, https:\/\/www.jisc.ac.uk\/news\/sector-pulls-together-to-deliver-unprecedented-amount-of-e-textbooks-01-apr-2020<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    3. Anna Fazackerley, \u201c\u2018Price gouging from Covid\u2019: student ebooks costing up to 500% more than in print,\u201d The Guardian, January 29, 2021, https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/education\/2021\/jan\/29\/price-gouging-from-covid-student-ebooks-costing-up-to-500-more-than-in-print<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    4. \u201cAbout Jisc Collections,\u201d Jisc, https:\/\/www.jisc.ac.uk\/jisc-collections<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    5. \u201cEbook Campaign Examples,\u201d Crowdsourced, Google Docs, accessed March 15, 2022, https:\/\/docs.google.com\/spreadsheets\/d\/1ix8AkrDisZnQ9TEPD0wFtPdG8to9WQ28l0qAqJ9ZOI0\/edit#gid=0<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    6. \u201cRead and sign our open letter,\u201d #ebooksos, https:\/\/academicebookinvestigation.org\/<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    7. Anna Fazackerley, \u201c\u2018Price gouging from Covid\u2019\u201d; Russell Hotton, \u201cUniversity staff urge probe into e-book pricing \u2018scandal\u2019,\u201d BBC Business News, November 13, 2020, https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/business-54922764<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022); Caroline Ball, \u201cThe cost of e-books is hobbling university teaching,\u201d Times Higher Education, November 18, 2020, https:\/\/www.timeshighereducation.com\/blog\/cost-e-books-hobbling-university-teaching<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022); Rachel Bickley, \u201cThere\u2019s big problems with the market for academic ebooks,\u201d Wonkhe (blog), March 29, 2021, https:\/\/wonkhe.com\/blogs\/theres-a-big-problem-with-the-market-for-academic-e-books\/<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    8. James Scholes, \u201ceBooks: An Accessibility Disconnect,\u201d Jisc accessibility and inclusion (blog), March 24, 2016, https:\/\/accessibility.jiscinvolve.org\/wp\/2016\/03\/24\/ebooks-disconnect\/<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    9. Hotton, \u201cUniversity staff urge probe into e-book pricing \u2018scandal\u2019.\u201d<\/li>\n
    10. Hotton, \u201cUniversity staff urge probe into e-book pricing \u2018scandal\u2019.\u201d<\/li>\n
    11. Anthony Sinnott, \u201cBBC News Online Feature: A Response to publishers\u201d, #ebooksos (blog), November 15, 2020, https:\/\/academicebookinvestigation.org\/2020\/11\/15\/bbc-news-online-feature-a-response-to-publishers\/<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    12. \u201cEbooks: Scandal or Market Economics webinar \u2013 summary and links,\u201d Open@UCL (blog), March 17, 2021, https:\/\/blogs.ucl.ac.uk\/open-access\/2021\/03\/17\/ebooks-webinar\/<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    13. \u201cJoint statement on access to e-book and e-textbook content,\u201d Jisc (blog), October 6, 2021, https:\/\/www.jisc.ac.uk\/news\/joint-statement-on-access-to-e-book-and-e-textbook-content-06-oct-2021<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    14. \u201cA call for action on ebooks,\u201d NHS Health Education England Knowledge and Library Services, December 2021, https:\/\/library.hee.nhs.uk\/resources\/content-and-usage\/ebooks\/ebook-call-for-action<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    15. \u201cUnion demands regulator step in and review e-book industry,\u201d UCU, January 19, 2022, https:\/\/www.ucu.org.uk\/article\/11964\/Union-demands-regulator-step-in-and-review-e-book-industry<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    16. \u201cInternational Statement of Solidarity,\u201d Library Futures (blog), https:\/\/www.libraryfutures.net\/international-statement-of-solidarity<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    17. \u201cCan my students read my books?: Guidance for academics on negotiating contracts with publishers,\u201d #ebooksos, May 20, 2021, https:\/\/academicebookinvestigation.org\/2021\/05\/20\/can-my-students-read-my-books-guidance-for-academics-on-negotiating-contracts-with-publishers\/<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    18. \u201cGovt invests additional \u20ac200,000 in eBooks and eAudiobooks in response to increased demand for online public library service \u2013 Minister Ring,\u201d Department of Rural and Community Development, Ireland, May 31, 2020, https:\/\/www.gov.ie\/en\/press-release\/78342-govt-invests-additional-200000-in-ebooks-and-eaudiobooks-in-response-to-increased-demand-for-online-public-library-service-minister-ring\/<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    19. \u201cRLUK Content Statement,\u201d RLUK Collections Strategy Network, August 11, 2020, https:\/\/www.rluk.ac.uk\/rluk-content-statement\/<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    20. \u201cIrish librarians call for action on the electronic content crisis facing libraries and library users,\u201d The Library Association of Ireland, October 28, 2020, https:\/\/www.libraryassociation.ie\/irish-librarians-call-for-action-on-the-electronic-content-crisis-facing-libraries-and-library-users\/<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    21. \u201cJoint statement on access to e-book and e-textbook content,\u201d Jisc, October 6, 2021, https:\/\/www.jisc.ac.uk\/news\/joint-statement-on-access-to-e-book-and-e-textbook-content-06-oct-2021<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    22. \u201cAn Electronic Content Crisis: Interview with the Library Association of Ireland,\u201d IFLA, November 26, 2020, https:\/\/www.ifla.org\/node\/93491<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    23. \u201cThe ebooks crisis in Ireland,\u201d seminar details, January 27, 2022, https:\/\/www.eventbrite.ie\/e\/the-ebooks-crisis-in-ireland-tickets-243393836517#<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    24. \u201cIFLA World Library and Information Congress, Dublin, 2022,\u201d IFLA, https:\/\/2022.ifla.org\/<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    25. Sophie Inge, \u201cEbook campaigners rally against Pearson price increases,\u201d Research Professional News, January 7, 2022, https:\/\/www.researchprofessionalnews.com\/rr-news-uk-universities-2022-january-e-book-campaigners-rally-against-pearson-price-increases\/<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    26. Sian Bayley, \u201cChallenge over Maryland library e-books law set for February,\u201d The Bookseller, December 22, 2021, https:\/\/www.thebookseller.com\/news\/maryland-law-forcing-publishers-license-library-e-books-will-come-force-january-1296889<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    27. \u201c2022 BUDGETARY PROCEDURE, PARLIAMENT\u2019S POSITION, Amendments submitted to the meeting of the Committee on Budgets of 27\u201328 September 2021,\u201d 4: (6) draft amendment 54, 62\u201363, EU Committee on Budgets, September 9, 2021, https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/cmsdata\/239581\/budg2022-doc4-txt-6-en.pdf<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    28. \u201cPress Release \u2013 Knowledge Rights 21 \u2013 21st Century Access to Culture, Learning and Research in Europe,\u201d Knowledge Rights 21, September 23, 2021, https:\/\/libereurope.eu\/article\/press-release-knowledge-rights-21-21st-century-access-to-culture-learning-and-research-in-europe\/<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    29. \u201cOpen publishing awards: celebrating open in publishing,\u201d Open publishing awards, https:\/\/openpublishingawards.org\/<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    30. \u201cInformation literacy award\u201d, LILAC, https:\/\/www.lilacconference.com\/awards\/information-literacy-award<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n
    31. \u201cPublishers Association Annual Report 2021,\u201d Publishers Association, https:\/\/www.publishers.org.uk\/publications\/publishers-association-annual-report-2021\/<\/a> (accessed 20 June 2022).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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